Compassionate use of new drugs in children and adolescents with multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis: early experiences and challenges

Affiliations

• ¹ Unit of Infectious Diseases, Dept of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy These authors contributed equally.
• ² Desmond Tutu TB Centre, Dept of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa These authors contributed equally.
• ³ Fondazione S. Maugeri, IRCCS, Tradate, Italy Public Health Consulting Group, Lugano, Switzerland These authors contributed equally.
• ⁴ Médecins Sans Frontières, Paris, France These authors contributed equally.
• ⁵ Fondazione S. Maugeri, IRCCS, Tradate, Italy These authors contributed equally.
• ⁶ Children's Hospital at Westmead and the Centre for Research Excellence in Tuberculosis, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
• ⁷ MDR/XDR TB Unit, Tshepong Hospital Klerksdorp, Klerksdorp, South Africa.
• ⁸ MDR-TB Unit, Tuberculosis Division, International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (The Union), Paris, France Pneumology Dept, Hospital General de Gran Canaria "Dr Negrin", Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
• ⁹ Médecins Sans Frontières, Mumbai, India.
• ¹⁰ Médecins Sans Frontières, Moscow, Russian Federation.
• ¹¹ Médecins Sans Frontières, London, UK.
• ¹² Republican TB Dispensary, Grozny, Chechen Republic, Russian Federation.
• ¹³ Armenian National Tuberculosis Control Centre, Yerevan, Armenia.
• ¹⁴ Médecins Sans Frontières, Yerevan, Armenia.
• ¹⁵ National Center for Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Tbilisi, Georgia.
• ¹⁶ Médecins Sans Frontières, Tbilisi, Georgia.
• ¹⁷ Paediatric Highly Intensive Care Unit, Dept of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
• ¹⁸ University Dept of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of Brescia and Brescia Spedali Civili General Hospital, Brescia, Italy.
• ¹⁹ Harvard Medical School, Dept of Global Health and Social Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
• ²⁰ Médecins Sans Frontières, Paris, France.
• ²¹ Fondazione S. Maugeri, IRCCS, Tradate, Italy [email protected].