PrP(c) deficiency and dasatinib protect mouse intestines against radiation injury by inhibiting of c-Src

Radiother Oncol. 2016 Jul;120(1):175-83. doi: 10.1016/j.radonc.2016.06.009. Epub 2016 Jul 9.

Abstract

Background & aim: Despite extensive study of the contribution of cell death and apoptosis to radiation-induced acute intestinal injury, our knowledge of the signaling mechanisms involved in epithelial barrier dysfunction remains inadequate. Because PrP(c) plays a key role in intestinal homeostasis by renewing epithelia, we sought to study its role in epithelial barrier function after irradiation.

Design: Histology, morphometry and plasma FD-4 levels were used to examine ileal architecture, wound healing, and intestinal leakage in PrP(c)-deficient (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice after total-body irradiation. Impairment of the PrP(c) Src pathway after irradiation was explored by immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy, with Caco-2/Tc7 cells. Lastly, dasatinib treatment was used to switch off the Src pathway in vitro and in vivo.

Results: The decrease in radiation-induced lethality, improved intestinal wound healing, and reduced intestinal leakage promoted by PrP(c) deficiency demonstrate its involvement in acute intestinal damage. Irradiation of Cacao2/Tc7 cells induced PrP(c) to target the nuclei associated with Src activation. Finally, the protective effect triggered by dasatinib confirmed Src involvement in radiation-induced acute intestinal toxicity.

Conclusion: Our data are the first to show a role for the PrP(c)-Src pathway in acute intestinal response to radiation injury and offer a novel therapeutic opportunity.

Keywords: Intestinal wound healing; Irradiation; Mouse model; Permeability.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • CSK Tyrosine-Protein Kinase
  • Caco-2 Cells
  • Dasatinib / therapeutic use*
  • Humans
  • Intestines / radiation effects*
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Prion Proteins / deficiency*
  • Prion Proteins / physiology
  • Radiation Injuries / prevention & control*
  • Whole-Body Irradiation
  • src-Family Kinases / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • src-Family Kinases / physiology

Substances

  • Prion Proteins
  • CSK Tyrosine-Protein Kinase
  • src-Family Kinases
  • CSK protein, human
  • Dasatinib