Predictors of non-invasive therapy and 28-day-case fatality in elderly compared to younger patients with acute myocardial infarction: an observational study from the MONICA/KORA Myocardial Infarction Registry

BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2016 Jul 13:16:151. doi: 10.1186/s12872-016-0322-3.

Abstract

Background: A substantial proportion of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) did not receive invasive therapy, defined as percutaneous coronary intervention and/or coronary artery bypass grafting. Aims of this study were to evaluate predictors of non-invasive therapy in elderly compared to younger AMI patients and to assess the association between invasive therapy and 28-day-case fatality.

Methods: From the German population-based registry, 3475 persons, consecutively hospitalized with an AMI between 2009 and 2012 were included. Data were collected by standardized interviews and chart review. All-cause mortality was assessed on a regular basis. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted.

Results: The sample consisted of 1329 patients aged 28-65 years (age category [AC] 1), 1083 aged 65-74 years (AC 2), and 1063 aged 75-84 years (AC 3). The proportion of patients receiving non-invasive therapy was 10.7, 17.7, and 35.8 % in AC 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Predictors of non-invasive therapy in all ACs were non-ST segment elevation MI, bundle branch block, reduced left ventricular ejection fraction, prior stroke, absence of hyperlipidemia, and low creatine kinase. Elderly women (≥65 years) were less likely to receive invasive therapy. Stratifying the models by type of AMI revealed fewer predictors in patients with ST segment elevation MI. Regarding 28-day-case fatality, strong inverse relations with invasive therapy were seen in all AC: odds ratio of 0.35 (95 % confidence interval [CI] 0.15-0.84), 0.45 (95 % CI 0.22-0.92), and 0.39 (95 % CI 0.24-0.63) in AC 1, 2 and 3, respectively.

Conclusion: In today's real-life patient care we found that predictors of non-invasive therapy were predominantly the same in all age groups, but differed particularly by type of AMI. Further research is necessary to investigate the real reasons for non-invasive therapy, especially among elderly women. Moreover, we confirmed that receiving invasive therapy was inversely associated with 28-day-case fatality independent of age.

Keywords: Invasive therapy; Mortality; Myocardial infarction; Predictors.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Observational Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Acute Coronary Syndrome / diagnosis
  • Acute Coronary Syndrome / mortality
  • Acute Coronary Syndrome / therapy*
  • Adult
  • Age Factors
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Chi-Square Distribution
  • Comorbidity
  • Coronary Artery Bypass* / adverse effects
  • Coronary Artery Bypass* / mortality
  • Female
  • Germany
  • Healthcare Disparities*
  • Humans
  • Logistic Models
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • Myocardial Infarction / diagnosis
  • Myocardial Infarction / mortality
  • Myocardial Infarction / therapy*
  • Non-ST Elevated Myocardial Infarction / diagnosis
  • Non-ST Elevated Myocardial Infarction / mortality
  • Non-ST Elevated Myocardial Infarction / therapy*
  • Odds Ratio
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention* / adverse effects
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention* / mortality
  • Registries
  • Risk Factors
  • Sex Factors
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome