Transalar transsphenoidal meningoencephalocele presenting in the form of recurrent meningitis: Report of two cases and discussion of the diagnosis and treatment

Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis. 2016 Dec;133(6):423-427. doi: 10.1016/j.anorl.2016.07.001. Epub 2016 Jul 16.

Abstract

Introduction: Skull base meningoencephaloceles are rare congenital malformations. The two cases of transalar transsphenoidal malformation reported here differ from the classical transsphenoidal meningoencephalocele.

Case reports: Case 1 was a three-and-a-half-year-old boy and case 2 was a 36-year-old man. Both cases presented with clinical features of recurrent meningitis. Surgical management of case 1 was performed via an intradural infratemporal fossa craniotomy with reoperation 2years later. In the second case, surgery was initially performed via an endonasal approach and then via pterional craniotomy. Reoperation via Sekhar's transpetrosal approach was also a failure. Only closure of the trigeminal-pontine angle via a suboccipital retrosigmoid approach allowed repair of the defect.

Discussion: Surgical access to the pterygopalatine fossa is complex due to its anatomical position and its anatomical relations with nerves and vessels. An endoscopic approach appears to be a valuable alternative to classical craniotomy.

Conclusion: In the two cases reported here, neurosurgery allowed lasting closure of the defect.

Keywords: Encephalocele; Malformation; Recurrent meningitis; Skull base; Sphenoid.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak / etiology
  • Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak / surgery
  • Child, Preschool
  • Encephalocele / diagnosis*
  • Encephalocele / surgery
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Meningitis, Pneumococcal / etiology*
  • Meningocele / diagnosis*
  • Meningocele / surgery
  • Recurrence
  • Skull Base / abnormalities*
  • Skull Base / diagnostic imaging
  • Skull Base / surgery