Anti-ganglioside antibodies in Guillain-Barré syndrome and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy in Chinese patients

Muscle Nerve. 2017 Apr;55(4):470-475. doi: 10.1002/mus.25266. Epub 2016 Dec 23.

Abstract

Introduction: In this study we investigated the relationships between anti-ganglioside antibodies and Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP).

Methods: Samples from 48 Chinese patients diagnosed with GBS and 18 patients diagnosed with CIDP were retrospectively reviewed.

Results: In the GBS patients, 62.5% were classified as having acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP), 27.1% were found to have acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN), and 10.4% were unclassified. Serum IgG anti-ganglioside antibodies were detected in 46.2% of the AMAN patients and in 6.7% of the AIDP patients (P < 0.05); 5.6% of the 18 CIDP patients were IgG antibody positive, and 27.8% were IgM antibody positive. Facial palsy and sensory impairment were significantly associated with IgM antibodies.

Conclusions: These results suggest that IgG anti-GM1 antibodies are associated with AMAN, but not with AIDP, and that IgM antibodies against GM1, GM2, and GM3 are associated with facial nerve palsy. Muscle Nerve 55: 470-475, 2017.

Keywords: Chinese; Guillain-Barré syndrome; antibodies; chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy; ganglioside.

MeSH terms

  • Action Potentials / physiology
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Asian People
  • Autoantibodies / blood*
  • Autoantibodies / cerebrospinal fluid*
  • Electromyography
  • Female
  • Gangliosides / immunology*
  • Guillain-Barre Syndrome* / blood
  • Guillain-Barre Syndrome* / cerebrospinal fluid
  • Guillain-Barre Syndrome* / immunology
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neural Conduction / physiology
  • Polyradiculoneuropathy, Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating* / blood
  • Polyradiculoneuropathy, Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating* / cerebrospinal fluid
  • Polyradiculoneuropathy, Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating* / immunology

Substances

  • Autoantibodies
  • Gangliosides