Long-term outcomes after multidisciplinary management of T3 laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas: Improved functional outcomes and survival with modern therapeutic approaches

Head Neck. 2016 Dec;38(12):1739-1751. doi: 10.1002/hed.24532. Epub 2016 Jul 28.

Abstract

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the long-term outcomes after initial definitive or adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) for T3 laryngeal cancers.

Methods: We reviewed 412 patients treated for T3 laryngeal squamous cell cancer from 1985 to 2011.

Results: The 10-year overall survival (OS) was 35%; disease-specific-survival (DSS) was 61%; locoregional control was 76%; and freedom from distant metastasis was 83%. Chemotherapy, age, performance status <2, node-negative status, and glottic subsite were associated with improved survival (all p < .03). Larynx preservation with induction and/or concurrent chemoradiotherapy (LP-CRT) had better laryngectomy-free survival than RT alone (LP-RT; hazard ratio [HR] = 0.62; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.47-0.81; p = .0005); 10-year laryngectomy-free survival rates of the LP-CRT cohort (37%) were higher than those of the LP-RT cohort (18%). The 5-year DSS and OS rates of the LP-CRT cohort (79% and 67%) were better after total laryngectomy with postoperative RT (TL-PORT; 61% and 50%) and LP-RT (64% and 46%; p < .006 for all).

Conclusion: In patients with T3 laryngeal cancers, LP-CRT provides better functional, oncologic, and survival outcomes than historical TL-PORT or LP-RT does. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: 1739-1751, 2016.

Keywords: T3; outcomes; radiotherapy; survival; total laryngectomy.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Analysis of Variance
  • Cancer Care Facilities
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / mortality
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / pathology*
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / therapy*
  • Chemotherapy, Adjuvant
  • Cohort Studies
  • Disease-Free Survival
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Head and Neck Neoplasms / mortality
  • Head and Neck Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Head and Neck Neoplasms / therapy*
  • Humans
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Laryngeal Neoplasms / mortality
  • Laryngeal Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Laryngeal Neoplasms / therapy*
  • Laryngectomy / methods
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • Neoadjuvant Therapy*
  • Neoplasm Invasiveness / pathology
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Proportional Hazards Models
  • Radiotherapy, Adjuvant
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck
  • Survival Analysis
  • Texas
  • Treatment Outcome