Synthesis and characterization of non-toxic and thermo-sensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-grafted cashew gum nanoparticles as a potential epirubicin delivery matrix

Carbohydr Polym. 2016 Dec 10:154:77-85. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.08.031. Epub 2016 Aug 10.

Abstract

Cashew gum (CG) was grafted with N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPA) by radical polymerization to originate a stimuli-sensitive copolymer for drug delivery purposes. NMR and IR spectroscopy confirmed the insertion of NIPA onto the cashew gum chains. The graft copolymer (CG:NIPA) demonstrated thermal responsiveness. The critical aggregation concentration of the copolymers at 25°C was higher than at 50°C. At temperatures lower than the LCST, the nanoparticle size ranged from 12 to 21nm, depending on the CG:NIPA ratio, but above the LCST the particles aggregated, increasing the particle size. Regarding the potential for future oral application, the nanoparticles showed no cytotoxic activity against the Caco-2 and HT29-MTX intestine cell lines. Epirubicin was encapsulated into nanoparticles of CG-NIPA (1:1), resulting in a 64% association efficiency and 22% loading capacity. Thus, the CG:NIPA graft copolymer demonstrates good potential for used in controlled drug delivery systems.

Keywords: Cytotoxicity; Epirubicin; N-isopropylacrylamide; Nanoparticles; Thermo-sensitive.

MeSH terms

  • Acrylic Resins / chemistry*
  • Anacardium / chemistry
  • Caco-2 Cells
  • Drug Delivery Systems / methods*
  • Dynamic Light Scattering
  • Epirubicin / administration & dosage*
  • HT29 Cells
  • Humans
  • Nanoparticles / administration & dosage
  • Nanoparticles / chemistry*
  • Plant Gums / chemistry*
  • Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
  • Thermogravimetry

Substances

  • Acrylic Resins
  • Plant Gums
  • poly-N-isopropylacrylamide
  • Epirubicin