Substitutional limit of gadolinium in β-tricalcium phosphate and its magnetic resonance imaging characteristics

J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 2017 Nov;105(8):2545-2552. doi: 10.1002/jbm.b.33775. Epub 2016 Sep 30.

Abstract

To compensate the limitations of bone tissue magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a series of gadolinium (Gd3+ ) substituted β-Tricalcium phosphate [β-TCP, β-Ca3 (PO4 )2 ] were developed. All the powders were characterized using XRD, Raman spectroscopy, Rietveld refinement of the XRD data and the studies confirmed the Gd3+ occupancy at Ca2+ (1), Ca2+ (2) and Ca2+ (3) lattice sites of β-Ca3 (PO4 )2. HR-TEM analysis revealed the spherical nature of particles with diameter about 100 nm. The Gd3+ doped β-Ca3 (PO4 )2 exhibited non-toxic behaviour to MG-63 cells in vitro and the room temperature magnetic field versus magnetization measurements confirmed its paramagnetic behaviour. MRI analysis revelas that it shorten both T1 and T2 proton relaxation times, thus influencing both r1 and r2 relaxivity values that reach 61.97 mM-1 s-1 and 73.35 mM-1 s-1 . © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 2545-2552, 2017.

Keywords: MR imaging; gadolinium; substitutions; β-tricalcium phosphate.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Calcification, Physiologic / drug effects*
  • Calcium Phosphates* / chemistry
  • Calcium Phosphates* / pharmacology
  • Cell Line
  • Contrast Media* / chemistry
  • Contrast Media* / pharmacology
  • Gadolinium* / chemistry
  • Gadolinium* / pharmacology
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging*
  • Materials Testing*
  • Mice

Substances

  • Calcium Phosphates
  • Contrast Media
  • beta-tricalcium phosphate
  • Gadolinium