Fever of unknown origin in a patient initially presenting with traveller's diarrhoea

BMJ Case Rep. 2016 Sep 30:2016:bcr2016216654. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2016-216654.

Abstract

A 17-year-old male presented with diarrhoea and malaise following his return from Kenya and Tunisia. He was managed as a case of traveller's diarrhoea. Stool cultures were negative for pathogenic bacterial growth. Two weeks later he presented with worsening lower back pain. MRI of lumbosacral spine suggested L1 osteomyelitis. CT-guided spinal aspirate grew no organisms and repeat viral serology and blood cultures (including tuberculosis screening) were negative. He was treated with a 6-week course of ceftriaxone. Back pain did not improve and a repeat MRI scan 8 weeks after his antibiotic course indicated progressive changes in L1 extending to L2 with an intradiscal abscess. Repeat CT-guided spinal aspirate grew Salmonella arizonae sensitive to cotrimoxazole and ceftriaxone. He was treated with intravenous ceftriaxone and cotrimoxazole for 12 weeks. A 4-month follow-up MRI scan showed progressive improvement of the L1/L2 discitis with resolution of intradiscal fluid.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use
  • Ceftriaxone / therapeutic use
  • Diarrhea / complications
  • Diarrhea / diagnosis*
  • Diarrhea / microbiology
  • Epidural Abscess / diagnosis*
  • Epidural Abscess / drug therapy
  • Epidural Abscess / microbiology
  • Epidural Abscess / pathology
  • Fever of Unknown Origin / complications
  • Fever of Unknown Origin / diagnosis*
  • Fever of Unknown Origin / drug therapy
  • Fever of Unknown Origin / microbiology
  • Humans
  • Kenya
  • Low Back Pain / complications
  • Low Back Pain / microbiology*
  • Lumbar Vertebrae / microbiology
  • Lumbar Vertebrae / pathology*
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Male
  • Salmonella Infections / diagnosis*
  • Salmonella Infections / drug therapy
  • Salmonella Infections / pathology
  • Travel*
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Tunisia

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Ceftriaxone