Transcatheter aortic valve implantation with the direct flow medical prosthesis: Impact of native aortic valve calcification degree on outcomes

Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2017 Jan;89(1):135-142. doi: 10.1002/ccd.26517. Epub 2016 Oct 14.

Abstract

Objectives: We present our single center experience with the direct flow medical (DFM) prosthesis addressing the impact of native aortic valve (AV) calcification degree on outcomes.

Background: The DFM® has been introduced for transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). The valve has a nonmetallic and inflatable support structure.

Methods: Patients were divided in two groups according to preoperative cardiac computed tomography (CT): group I moderate calcification and group II heavy calcification of the total AV area. We evaluated 118 patients: 53 (45%) group I and 65 (55%) group II.

Results: Preoperative trans-AV gradient and calcification extension across the aortic unit were significantly higher in group II (P = 0.008 and P < 0.0001). CT perimeter derived annular diameter (group I 24.7 ± 2.1 mm vs. group II 24.8 ± 1.9; P = 0.6) and implanted prosthesis size (group I 26.1 ± 1.5 mm vs. group II 25.7 ± 1.5; P = 0.1) were similar. Hemodynamics were similar: mean gradient 16.1 ± 5.9 mm Hg (group I) vs. 17.3 ± 6.5 mm Hg (group II) (P = 0.3). Total aortic regurgitation (AR) was mild in 5.7% in group I and 20% in group II (P = 0.03). None developed moderate/severe AR. Heavy AV calcification was the sole independent determinant for mild regurgitation (P = 0.02; OR = 7; 95% CI: 1.2-37.6). Follow-up (289 days; 40-760 days) estimated survival was 88.1% (group I) and 93.8% (group II) (P = 0.3).

Conclusions: Independent of AV calcification degree, adequate sizing and implantation can be achieved with the DFM®. Although higher burden of calcification increases the rate of mild AR, no patient developed moderate and severe AR. Short-term estimated survival was not influenced by calcification degree. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Keywords: aortic valve calcifications; percutaneous; trans-catheter aortic valve implantation.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Aortic Valve / diagnostic imaging
  • Aortic Valve / pathology*
  • Aortic Valve / physiopathology
  • Aortic Valve Insufficiency / etiology
  • Aortic Valve Stenosis / diagnostic imaging
  • Aortic Valve Stenosis / mortality
  • Aortic Valve Stenosis / physiopathology
  • Aortic Valve Stenosis / therapy*
  • Bioprosthesis*
  • Calcinosis / diagnostic imaging
  • Calcinosis / mortality
  • Calcinosis / physiopathology
  • Calcinosis / therapy*
  • Cardiac Catheterization / adverse effects
  • Cardiac Catheterization / instrumentation*
  • Cardiac Catheterization / mortality
  • Chi-Square Distribution
  • Echocardiography
  • Female
  • Germany
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation / adverse effects
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation / instrumentation*
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation / mortality
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis*
  • Hemodynamics
  • Humans
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Logistic Models
  • Male
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • Odds Ratio
  • Prosthesis Design
  • Risk Factors
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Time Factors
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed
  • Treatment Outcome

Supplementary concepts

  • Aortic Valve, Calcification of