Simultaneous liver and kidney transplantation in elderly patients: Outcomes and validation of a clinical risk score for patient selection

Ann Hepatol. 2016;15(6):870-880. doi: 10.5604/16652681.1222103.

Abstract

Introduction and aim. Many transplant programs have expanded eligibility to include patients previously ineligible because of advanced age. Outcomes of simultaneous liver-kidney transplantation (SLK) in recipients with advanced age are not known.

Material and methods: Data from patients undergoing transplantation between 2002 and 2015 were obtained from the UNOS Standard Analysis and Research file.

Results: SLK recipients aged ≥ 65 years (N = 677), SLK recipients aged < 65 years (N = 4517), and recipients of liver transplant alone(LTA) aged ≥ 65 years(N = 8495) were compared. Recipient characteristics were similar between the SLK groups. Similar patient and graft survival were observed in SLK recipients aged ≥ 65 years compared to SLK recipients aged < 65 years and LTA recipients aged ≥ 65 years. Importantly, in a subgroup analysis, superior survival was seen in the SLK group aged ≥ 65 years compared to LTA recipients aged ≥ 65 years who underwent dialysis in the week prior to transplantation (p < 0.001). A prediction model of patient survival was developed for the SLK group aged ≥ 65 years with predictors including: age ≥ 70 years (3 points), calculated MELD score (-1 to 2 points), and recipient ventilator status at the time of SLK (4 points). The risk score predicted patient survival, with a significantly inferior survival seen in patients with a score ≥ 4 (p < 0.001).

Conclusions: Age should not be used as a contraindication for SLK transplantation. The validated scoring system provides a guide for patient selection and can be used when evaluating elderly patients for SLK transplantation listing.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Validation Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Age Factors
  • Aged
  • Databases, Factual
  • Decision Support Techniques*
  • Female
  • Geriatric Assessment
  • Graft Survival
  • Humans
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Kidney Transplantation* / adverse effects
  • Kidney Transplantation* / mortality
  • Liver Transplantation* / adverse effects
  • Liver Transplantation* / mortality
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Patient Selection*
  • Postoperative Complications / etiology
  • Postoperative Complications / mortality
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Proportional Hazards Models
  • Renal Dialysis
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Respiration, Artificial
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Time Factors
  • Tissue and Organ Procurement
  • Treatment Outcome
  • United States