Prevention of tau increase in cerebrospinal fluid of APP transgenic mice suggests downstream effect of BACE1 inhibition

Alzheimers Dement. 2017 Jun;13(6):701-709. doi: 10.1016/j.jalz.2016.09.005. Epub 2016 Oct 14.

Abstract

Introduction: The inhibition of the β-site amyloid precursor protein-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) is a main therapeutic approach for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We previously reported an age-related increase of tau protein in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of amyloid β (Aβ) precursor protein (APP) transgenic mice.

Methods: APP transgenic mice were treated with a potent BACE1 inhibitor. CSF tau and CSF Aβ levels were assessed. A novel high-sensitivity tau sandwich immunoassay was developed.

Results: We demonstrate that long-term BACE1 inhibition prevents CSF tau increase both in early-depositing APP transgenic mice and APP transgenic mice with moderate Aβ pathology.

Discussion: Our results demonstrate that BACE1 inhibition not only reduces Aβ generation but also downstream AD pathophysiology. The tight correlation between Aβ aggregation in brain and CSF tau levels renders CSF tau a valuable marker to predict the effectiveness of BACE1 inhibitors in current clinical trials.

Keywords: Alzheimer's disease; BACE1 inhibitor; Biomarker; CSF; Tau; Treatment.

MeSH terms

  • Aging / drug effects
  • Aging / metabolism
  • Alzheimer Disease / drug therapy
  • Alzheimer Disease / metabolism
  • Alzheimer Disease / pathology
  • Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Amyloid beta-Peptides / cerebrospinal fluid*
  • Animals
  • Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Enzyme Inhibitors / pharmacology*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Immunoassay
  • Male
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Mice, Transgenic
  • Picolinic Acids / pharmacology*
  • Plaque, Amyloid / drug therapy
  • Plaque, Amyloid / metabolism
  • Plaque, Amyloid / pathology
  • Prosencephalon / drug effects
  • Prosencephalon / metabolism
  • Prosencephalon / pathology
  • Thiazines / pharmacology*
  • tau Proteins / cerebrospinal fluid*

Substances

  • Amyloid beta-Peptides
  • Enzyme Inhibitors
  • Mapt protein, mouse
  • NB-360
  • Picolinic Acids
  • Thiazines
  • tau Proteins
  • Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases
  • Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases
  • Bace1 protein, mouse