Generalized high bone mineral density on bone density scanning: a case of gastric carcinoma with bone metastasis

Postgrad Med. 2017 Mar;129(2):299-303. doi: 10.1080/00325481.2017.1261607. Epub 2016 Nov 28.

Abstract

Generalized high bone mineral density (BMD) on Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scanning most commonly reflects metabolic bone disease. However, some malignancies could also stimulate the underlying processes. We reported that a 41-year-old female was referred for lumbago. She did not complain of any symptoms in the digestive system. DXA revealed high BMD in the lumbar vertebras. Marked increase in bone mass was observed in an X-ray of chest compared with one conducted 6 months previously. Additionally, an X-ray of the axial skeleton showed diffuse sclerotic change. Laboratory data revealed hypocalcemia and high osteoblastic activity. A bone biopsy of the pelvis confirmed metastatic undifferentiated adenocarcinoma. Further research for the primary site revealed gastric signet ring cell carcinoma via endoscopic biopsy. The patient refused treatment and died 2 months after the diagnosis. In clinical practice, high BMD could be the initial feature of gastric cancer. Due to its poor prognosis, adequate clinical management is of paramount value.

Keywords: High BMD; bone metastasis; gastric carcinoma.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Absorptiometry, Photon
  • Adult
  • Bone Density*
  • Bone Neoplasms / diagnosis
  • Bone Neoplasms / secondary*
  • Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell / pathology*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Lumbar Vertebrae*
  • Stomach Neoplasms / pathology*