Disseminated Mycobacterium tuberculosis following renal transplant with alemtuzumab induction

BMJ Case Rep. 2016 Nov 16:2016:bcr2016217998. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2016-217998.

Abstract

Mycobacterium tuberculosis presents unique challenges in the peritransplant period. Here, we describe a case of disseminated tuberculosis following renal transplantation with alemtuzumab induction immunosuppression in a patient with remotely treated pulmonary tuberculosis and ongoing risk factors for re-infection. We also review the available literature regarding the prevalence of tuberculosis infection following solid organ transplant and management of high-risk patients, including the role for isoniazid preventative therapy.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Alemtuzumab
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / adverse effects*
  • Antitubercular Agents / therapeutic use
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Immunosuppression Therapy / adverse effects*
  • Immunosuppressive Agents / adverse effects
  • Isoniazid / therapeutic use*
  • Kidney Transplantation / adverse effects*
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis*
  • Opportunistic Infections / etiology
  • Opportunistic Infections / microbiology*
  • Opportunistic Infections / prevention & control
  • Tuberculosis / etiology*
  • Tuberculosis / microbiology
  • Tuberculosis / prevention & control
  • Tuberculosis, Miliary / etiology
  • Tuberculosis, Miliary / microbiology
  • Tuberculosis, Miliary / prevention & control
  • Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / drug therapy
  • Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / microbiology

Substances

  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
  • Antitubercular Agents
  • Immunosuppressive Agents
  • Alemtuzumab
  • Isoniazid