Incidental EBV-positivity in paediatric post-transplant specimens demonstrates the need for stringent criteria for diagnosing post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders

J Clin Pathol. 2017 Mar;70(3):270-273. doi: 10.1136/jclinpath-2016-203924. Epub 2016 Nov 15.

Abstract

Aims: To examine the need for minimal diagnostic criteria for post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD) in children, we sought to determine the rate of incidental Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positivity in tissues from organ transplant recipients (OTR).

Methods: EBV in situ hybridisation (ISH) was done retrospectively on tissue from 34 paediatric autopsies of OTR and paediatric tonsillectomy specimens from non-OTR (96) and OTR (6). Patients with a history of PTLD were excluded from both data sets.

Results: EBV-positivity was found incidentally in 2/34 autopsy cases (5.9%). Median time from transplant to death for all patients was 12.8 months (range 0.1-153 months). Median time between transplant and death in EBV-positive cases was 34 months. EBV was positive in 26/102 tonsils (25%). Among tonsils from OTR, 4/6 (67%) were EBV-positive.

Conclusions: These findings reinforce the need for strict morphological and clinical criteria, other than EBV-positivity, when diagnosing PTLD in the paediatric population.

Keywords: EBV; LYMPHOID LESIONS; TRANSPLANTATION.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Epstein-Barr Virus Infections / epidemiology*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Incidental Findings
  • Infant
  • Lymphoproliferative Disorders / diagnosis*
  • Lymphoproliferative Disorders / virology
  • Male
  • Organ Transplantation*
  • Palatine Tonsil / pathology
  • Palatine Tonsil / virology
  • Postoperative Complications / diagnosis*
  • Postoperative Complications / virology
  • Pseudolymphoma / diagnosis
  • Pseudolymphoma / pathology
  • Pseudolymphoma / virology
  • Young Adult