Osimertinib for the Treatment of Metastatic EGFR T790M Mutation-Positive Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Clin Cancer Res. 2017 May 1;23(9):2131-2135. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-16-1773. Epub 2016 Dec 6.

Abstract

On November 13, 2015, the FDA granted accelerated approval to osimertinib (TAGRISSO; AstraZeneca), a breakthrough therapy-designated drug for the treatment of patients with metastatic EGFR T790M mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer, as detected by an FDA-approved test, with progression on or after EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy. Approval was based on durable tumor response rates in two single-arm, multicenter trials: the dose extension cohort of a first-in-human trial (FIH; AURA extension; n = 201) and a fixed-dose, activity-estimating trial (AURA2; n = 210). Osimertinib was administered at 80 mg orally once daily. The objective response rates (ORR) per blinded independent committee review were 57% [95% confidence interval (CI), 50-64) in AURA extension and 61% (95% CI, 54-68) in AURA2. Median duration of response (DOR) could not be estimated. Supportive efficacy data from 63 patients in the dose-finding part of the FIH trial demonstrated an ORR of 51% (95% CI, 38-64), with a median DOR of 12.4 months. Common adverse events (AE) evaluated in 411 patients included diarrhea (42%), rash (41%), dry skin (31%), and nail toxicity (25%). Grade 3 to 4 AEs occurred in 28% of patients, and 5.6% discontinued treatment due to AEs. Clin Cancer Res; 23(9); 2131-5. ©2016 AACR.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial, Phase I
  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Acrylamides
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Aniline Compounds
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / drug therapy*
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / genetics
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / pathology
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Drug Approval
  • Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions
  • ErbB Receptors / genetics*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Mutation
  • Neoplasm Metastasis
  • Piperazines / administration & dosage*
  • Piperazines / adverse effects
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / administration & dosage*
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / adverse effects

Substances

  • Acrylamides
  • Aniline Compounds
  • Piperazines
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors
  • osimertinib
  • EGFR protein, human
  • ErbB Receptors