Gender differences in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy: Clinical manifestations, electrophysiological properties, substrate characteristics, and prognosis of radiofrequency catheter ablation

Int J Cardiol. 2017 Jan 15:227:930-937. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.11.055. Epub 2016 Nov 9.

Abstract

Background: Gender differences in the penetrance and clinical expression of genetic mutations have been reported in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular (RV) dysplasia/cardiomyopathy (ARVD/C). Our study aimed at clarifying the impact of gender on ventricular substrates and clinical outcomes after radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA).

Methods: Patients with ARVD/C underwent RFCA for drug-refractory ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) were consecutively enrolled. Baseline characteristics, electrocardiograms, ventricular substrates, and VA recurrences after RFCA were extracted for comparison between genders.

Results: A total of 70 consecutive unselected patients with definite ARVD/C (36 men [51%], age 45±14years) were studied. Male patients had a higher incidence of sustained ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation or sudden cardiac arrest as initial manifestations. Electroanatomical mapping demonstrated that men with ARVD/C had a larger epicardial RV unipolar low-voltage zone, a larger endocardial and epicardial area with late potentials, and longer local abnormal ventricular activity. Cox regression analysis demonstrated that gender and late potential area predicted the recurrences of VAs.

Conclusion: Patients with ARVD/C displayed different characteristics of VAs and substrate properties between men and women. Male gender and the presence of larger area of abnormal electrograms independently predicted VA recurrences after RFCA.

Keywords: Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy; Gender differences; Late potential; Substrate characteristics; Ventricular arrhythmias.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia / diagnosis*
  • Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia / physiopathology*
  • Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia / surgery
  • Catheter Ablation* / methods
  • Echocardiography / methods
  • Electrocardiography, Ambulatory / methods
  • Electrophysiological Phenomena / physiology*
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prognosis
  • Sex Characteristics*