Effect of a Single Dose of Vitamin D3 on Postprandial Arterial Stiffness and Inflammation in Vitamin D-Deficient Women

J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2017 Mar 1;102(3):992-1000. doi: 10.1210/jc.2016-3394.

Abstract

Context: Cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) improves vascular function and inflammation, potentially providing an explanation for the proposed cardiovascular protection of vitamin D.

Objective: We investigated whether cholecalciferol supplementation reduces postprandial arterial dysfunction and inflammation.

Design: Randomized, 1:1, double-blind trial.

Setting: Diabetes and Vascular Center, Franciscus Gasthuis, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Patients: Twenty-four healthy, premenopausal, overweight or obese, vitamin D-deficient women.

Interventions: A single high (300,000 IU) or low dose (75,000 IU) of cholecalciferol.

Main outcome measures: The effect of low- and high-dose cholecalciferol on postprandial leukocyte activation markers, pulse wave velocity (PWV), and augmentation index (AIx) during an oral fat loading test, expressed as area under the curve (AUC).

Results: High- and low-dose supplementation increased vitamin D by 163% ± 134% (P < 0.001) and 66% ± 59% (P < 0.001), respectively. Monocyte CD11b-AUC slightly increased after low but not high dose (6% ± 2%, P = 0.012, and 4% ± 1%, P = 0.339, respectively). There were no significant effects on postprandial PWV or AIx by high- or low-dose vitamin D. Fasting complement component 3 (C3) levels decreased by 5.9% (P = 0.004) in the high-dose group and by 4.0% (P = 0.018) in the low-dose group.

Conclusion: A single dose of vitamin D does not seem to reduce arterial stiffness and leukocyte activation in overweight, vitamin D-deficient women. Vitamin D may decrease fasting C3. Possibly, higher vitamin D concentrations may be needed to decrease inflammation and improve vascular function in overweight or obese vitamin D-deficient women.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Apolipoprotein A-I / metabolism
  • Apolipoproteins B / metabolism
  • Area Under Curve
  • C-Reactive Protein / immunology
  • Cholecalciferol / administration & dosage*
  • Cholesterol, HDL / metabolism
  • Cholesterol, LDL / metabolism
  • Complement C3 / immunology
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Inflammation
  • Leukocyte Count
  • Monocytes / immunology
  • Neutrophils / immunology
  • Obesity / complications
  • Obesity / metabolism*
  • Obesity / physiopathology
  • Overweight / complications
  • Overweight / metabolism
  • Overweight / physiopathology
  • Postprandial Period*
  • Pulse Wave Analysis
  • Triglycerides / metabolism
  • Vascular Stiffness*
  • Vitamin D / analogs & derivatives
  • Vitamin D / metabolism
  • Vitamin D Deficiency / complications
  • Vitamin D Deficiency / drug therapy*
  • Vitamin D Deficiency / metabolism
  • Vitamin D Deficiency / physiopathology
  • Vitamins / administration & dosage*
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Apolipoprotein A-I
  • Apolipoproteins B
  • Cholesterol, HDL
  • Cholesterol, LDL
  • Complement C3
  • Triglycerides
  • Vitamins
  • Vitamin D
  • Cholecalciferol
  • C-Reactive Protein
  • 25-hydroxyvitamin D