Ire1α in Pomc Neurons Is Required for Thermogenesis and Glycemia

Diabetes. 2017 Mar;66(3):663-673. doi: 10.2337/db16-0533. Epub 2016 Dec 27.

Abstract

Whether neuronal inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (Ire1) is required for the proper regulation of energy balance and glucose homeostasis is unclear. We found that pro-opiomelanocortin (Pomc)-specific deficiency of Ire1α accelerated diet-induced obesity concomitant with a decrease in energy expenditure. This hypometabolic phenotype included deficits in thermogenic responses to diet and cold exposure as well as "beiging" of white adipose tissue. We also demonstrate that loss of Ire1α in Pomc neurons impaired whole-body glucose and insulin tolerance as well as hepatic insulin sensitivity. At the cellular level, deletion of Ire1α in Pomc neurons elevated hypothalamic endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and predisposed Pomc neurons to leptin and insulin resistance. Together, the current studies extend and confirm conclusions that Ire1α-Xbp1s and associated molecular targets link ER stress in arcuate Pomc neurons to aspects of normal energy and glucose homeostasis.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus / cytology
  • Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus / metabolism
  • Blood Glucose / metabolism*
  • Blotting, Western
  • Cold Temperature
  • Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress / genetics*
  • Endoribonucleases / genetics*
  • Energy Metabolism / genetics*
  • Glucose / metabolism
  • Glucose Tolerance Test
  • Homeostasis / genetics
  • Hypothalamus / metabolism
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • Insulin Resistance / genetics
  • Leptin / metabolism
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Neurons / metabolism*
  • Patch-Clamp Techniques
  • Pro-Opiomelanocortin / metabolism
  • Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / genetics*
  • Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Thermogenesis / genetics*
  • X-Box Binding Protein 1 / metabolism*

Substances

  • Blood Glucose
  • Leptin
  • X-Box Binding Protein 1
  • Xbp1 protein, mouse
  • Pro-Opiomelanocortin
  • Ern1 protein, mouse
  • Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases
  • Endoribonucleases
  • Glucose