Elevated spondin-2 expression correlates with progression and prognosis in gastric cancer

Oncotarget. 2017 Feb 7;8(6):10416-10424. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.14423.

Abstract

The spondin-2 correlated with tumor progression in many malignancies. However, the role of spondin-2 in gastric cancer has not been thoroughly elucidated. Spondin-2 and matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9) expression was detected by immunohistochemistry in 174 gastric carcinoma tissues. The relationship between the expression of spondin-2 and MMP-9, clinicopathological/prognostic value in gastric cancer was examined. Spondin-2 was significantly higher in gastric cancer than that in adjacent non-tumorous tissues. Spondin-2 overexpression was significantly associated with well differentiation, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, and advanced TNM stages. The expression levels of spondin-2 were increasing in both prominent serosal invasion group and lymph node metastasis group. In addition, spondin-2 was positively correlated with MMP-9 among 174 gastric cancer samples. In univariate and multivariate analyses, spondin-2 was an independent prognostic factor for both recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). Moreover, spondin-2 overexpression was associated with poor prognosis in patients with gastric cancer in different risk groups. In conclusion, Spondin-2 overexpression contributes to tumor aggressiveness and prognosis, and could be a promising target for prognostic prediction in gastric cancer patients.

Keywords: aggressiveness; gastric cancer; prognosis; spondin-2.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / analysis*
  • Cell Differentiation
  • Disease Progression
  • Disease-Free Survival
  • Extracellular Matrix Proteins / analysis*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Lymphatic Metastasis
  • Male
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / analysis
  • Middle Aged
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • Neoplasm Invasiveness
  • Neoplasm Proteins / analysis*
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Proportional Hazards Models
  • Risk Factors
  • Stomach Neoplasms / chemistry*
  • Stomach Neoplasms / mortality
  • Stomach Neoplasms / pathology
  • Stomach Neoplasms / therapy
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Tumor Burden
  • Up-Regulation
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Biomarkers, Tumor
  • Extracellular Matrix Proteins
  • Neoplasm Proteins
  • SPON2 protein, human
  • MMP9 protein, human
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 9