Lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as biomarkers for predicting lymph node metastasis and survival in patients treated with radical cystectomy

J Surg Oncol. 2017 Mar;115(4):455-461. doi: 10.1002/jso.24521. Epub 2017 Jan 20.

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the role of lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as pre-operative markers for predicting extravesical disease and survival outcomes in patients undergoing radical cystectomy (RC) for urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB).

Materials and methods: Data from 4335 patients undergoing RC for clinically non-metastatic UCB were analyzed. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to predict lymph node involvement and extravesical disease (defined as ≥pT3 and N0). Recurrence-free (RFS), cancer-specific (CSS), and overall survival (OS) were evaluated using multivariable Cox models. The accuracy of the models was assessed with receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves and concordance-index.

Results: Median LMR was 3.5 and median NLR was 2.7. Addition of LMR and NLR to a standard preoperative model improved its discrimination for prediction of lymph node metastasis by 4.5%. On multivariable analysis LMR and NLR independently predicted RFS, CSS, and OS. The discrimination of this model increased by adding LMR and NLR but was not significant.

Conclusions: LMR and NLR independently improved the preoperative prediction of lymph node metastasis and survival outcomes. As they are readily available, they could be integrated in a panel of preoperative markers helping selecting patients who have extravesical lymph node involvement and more aggressive disease.

Keywords: bladder; carcinoma; cystectomy; lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio; neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; transitional cell.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Age Factors
  • Aged
  • Biomarkers / blood
  • Blood Cell Count
  • Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / mortality*
  • Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / pathology*
  • Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / surgery
  • Cystectomy*
  • Disease-Free Survival
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Lymphatic Metastasis
  • Lymphocytes / metabolism
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Monocytes / metabolism
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • Neutrophils / metabolism
  • Prognosis
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Sex Factors
  • Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / mortality*
  • Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / surgery

Substances

  • Biomarkers