Seed and peel essential oils obtained from Campomanesia adamantium fruit inhibit inflammatory and pain parameters in rodents

PLoS One. 2017 Feb 21;12(2):e0157107. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157107. eCollection 2017.

Abstract

Campomanesia adamantium (Myrtaceae) is popularly known as "gabiroba" and has been used in folk medicine as antirheumatic, antidiarrheal, hypocholesterolemic and anti-inflammatory. This study evaluated the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities and toxicology of essential oils from peel (EOP) and seed (EOS) of C. adamantium fruits in animal models. Different groups were treated with doses of 100 and 300 mg/kg and the inflammatory parameters were evaluated in carrageenan induced paw oedema and leukocyte migration in pleurisy model, while antinociceptive activity was evaluated using formalin method in rodents. The major constituent of EOP and EOS was limonene with 13.07% and 20.89%, respectively. No clinical signs of toxicity have been observed in animals. It was observed a significant decreased (P<0.01) in leukocyte migration at the dose of 300 mg/kg of EOP and EOS, with maximal inhibition of 89±3% for EOP and 80±6% for EOS. Paw oedema was inhibited at all times, and maximal inhibition was at the dose of 100 mg/kg at 2 h after carrageenan injection with 72±2% for EOP and 74±2% for EOS. EOS and EOP also reduced the first and second phases of formalin-induced nociception test. In the first formalin-phase, maximal inhibitions were at 48±5% for EOP and 66±4% for EOS (300 mg/kg). At the inflammatory phase induced by formalin, maximal inhibitions were 72±2% for EOP and 80±2% for EOS at the dose of 100 mg/kg. Seed and peel essential oils from C. adamantium fruit inhibited leukocyte migration, inflammatory and neurogenic pain and oedema suggesting their use as nutraceutical or pharmacological agent.

MeSH terms

  • Analgesics / isolation & purification
  • Analgesics / pharmacology*
  • Animals
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents / isolation & purification
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents / pharmacology*
  • Carrageenan / toxicity
  • Chemotaxis, Leukocyte / drug effects
  • Cold Temperature / adverse effects
  • Drug Evaluation, Preclinical
  • Edema / drug therapy
  • Female
  • Formaldehyde / toxicity
  • Fruit / chemistry
  • Hyperalgesia / drug therapy
  • Hyperalgesia / etiology
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Oils, Volatile / isolation & purification
  • Oils, Volatile / pharmacology*
  • Oils, Volatile / toxicity
  • Pain / chemically induced
  • Pain / drug therapy
  • Pain / etiology
  • Pimenta / chemistry*
  • Plants, Medicinal / chemistry
  • Pleurisy / drug therapy
  • Rats
  • Rats, Wistar
  • Seeds / chemistry

Substances

  • Analgesics
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents
  • Oils, Volatile
  • Formaldehyde
  • Carrageenan

Grants and funding

The authors also wish to thank the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Mato Grosso do Sul (FUNDECT) for financial support, through the projects FUNDECT/CAPES n° 45/2014 - PAPOS REDE PRÓ-CENTRO-OESTE – FASE II - Nº 23/200.622/2014 and the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq).The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.