Elevation of SHARPIN Protein Levels in Prostate Adenocarcinomas Promotes Metastasis and Impairs Patient Survivals

Prostate. 2017 May;77(7):718-728. doi: 10.1002/pros.23302. Epub 2017 Feb 23.

Abstract

Background: SHARPIN, SHANK-associated RH domain interacting protein, associates with a linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC) to regulate inflammation and immunity. It has been reported that SHARPIN is highly expressed in several human tumors including ovarian cancer and liver cancer. We found that SHARPIN is also highly expressed in prostate cancer cell lines of DU145, LNCAP, and PC-3. Suppression of SHARPIN caused an inhibition of NF-κB signal and decreases in tumorigenesis of cultured cells in NOD/SCID mouse model. Overexpression of SHARPIN in prostate cancer cells promoted cell growth and reduced apoptosis through NF-kB/ERK/Akt pathway and apoptosis-associated proteins.

Methods: We analyzed the expression of SHARPIN in prostate cancer tissues from 95 patients and its relationship with other clinical characteristics associated with PCA malignancies and patient survivals, and examined the impacts of SHARPIN suppression with siRNA on proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion, and expression levels of MMP-9 of prostate cancer cells and metastasis to lung by these cells in nude mice.

Results: High levels of SHARPIN were associated with high malignancies of PCA and predicted shorter survivals of PCA patients. Suppression of SHARPIN impaired cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and invasion and reduced levels of MMP-9 in prostate cancer cells and reduced the size of metastatic lung tumors induced by these cells in mice.

Conclusions: SHARPIN enhances the metastasis of prostate cancer and impair patient survivals. Prostate 77:718-728, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Keywords: MMP-2; MMP-9; SHARPIN; invasion; migration.

MeSH terms

  • Adenocarcinoma* / genetics
  • Adenocarcinoma* / metabolism
  • Adenocarcinoma* / pathology
  • Aged
  • Animals
  • Apoptosis
  • Carrier Proteins* / genetics
  • Carrier Proteins* / metabolism
  • Cell Proliferation
  • Humans
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
  • Male
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / metabolism*
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / metabolism*
  • Mice
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Grading
  • Neoplasm Metastasis
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Prognosis
  • Prostatic Neoplasms* / genetics
  • Prostatic Neoplasms* / metabolism
  • Prostatic Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Survival Analysis
  • Ubiquitins* / genetics
  • Ubiquitins* / metabolism

Substances

  • Carrier Proteins
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
  • SHARPIN protein, human
  • Sipl1 protein, mouse
  • Ubiquitins
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 2
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 9