Concurrent Central Venous Stent and Central Venous Access Device Placement Does Not Compromise Stent Patency or Catheter Function in Patients with Malignant Central Venous Obstruction

J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2017 Apr;28(4):602-607. doi: 10.1016/j.jvir.2016.12.1222. Epub 2017 Feb 24.

Abstract

Purpose: To determine if concurrent placement of a central venous stent (CVS) and central venous access device (CVAD) compromises stent patency or catheter function in patients with malignant central venous obstruction.

Materials and methods: CVS placement for symptomatic stenosis resulting from malignant compression was performed in 33 consecutive patients who were identified retrospectively over a 10-year period; 28 (85%) patients had superior vena cava syndrome, and 5 (15%) had arm swelling. Of patients, 11 (33%) underwent concurrent CVS and CVAD placement, exchange, or repositioning; 22 (67%) underwent CVS deployment alone and served as the control group. Types of CVADs ranged from 5-F to 9.5-F catheters. Endpoints were CVS patency as determined by clinical symptoms or CT and CVAD function, which was determined by clinical performance.

Results: All procedures were technically successful. There was no difference between the 2 groups in clinically symptomatic CVS occlusion (P = .2) or asymptomatic in-stent stenosis detected on CT (P = .5). None of the patients in the CVS and CVAD group had recurrent clinical symptoms, but 3 (30%) of 10 patients with imaging follow-up had asymptomatic in-stent stenosis. In the control group, 3 (14%) patients had clinically symptomatic CVS occlusion and required stent revision, whereas 4 (21%) of 19 patients with imaging follow-up had asymptomatic in-stent stenosis. During the study, 2 (20%) functional but radiographically malpositioned catheters were identified (0.66 per 1,000 catheter days).

Conclusions: Presence of a CVAD through a CVS may not compromise stent patency or catheter function compared with CVS placement alone.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Catheter Obstruction*
  • Catheterization, Central Venous / adverse effects
  • Catheterization, Central Venous / instrumentation*
  • Catheters, Indwelling*
  • Central Venous Catheters*
  • Endovascular Procedures / adverse effects
  • Endovascular Procedures / instrumentation*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasms / complications*
  • Neoplasms / diagnostic imaging
  • Prosthesis Design
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Stents*
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Vascular Diseases / diagnostic imaging
  • Vascular Diseases / etiology
  • Vascular Diseases / physiopathology
  • Vascular Diseases / therapy*
  • Vascular Patency*
  • Veins / diagnostic imaging
  • Veins / physiopathology*