Sources of disconnection in neurocognitive aging: cerebral white-matter integrity, resting-state functional connectivity, and white-matter hyperintensity volume

Neurobiol Aging. 2017 Jun:54:199-213. doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2017.01.027. Epub 2017 Mar 18.

Abstract

Age-related decline in fluid cognition can be characterized as a disconnection among specific brain structures, leading to a decline in functional efficiency. The potential sources of disconnection, however, are unclear. We investigated imaging measures of cerebral white-matter integrity, resting-state functional connectivity, and white-matter hyperintensity volume as mediators of the relation between age and fluid cognition, in 145 healthy, community-dwelling adults 19-79 years of age. At a general level of analysis, with a single composite measure of fluid cognition and single measures of each of the 3 imaging modalities, age exhibited an independent influence on the cognitive and imaging measures, and the imaging variables did not mediate the age-cognition relation. At a more specific level of analysis, resting-state functional connectivity of sensorimotor networks was a significant mediator of the age-related decline in executive function. These findings suggest that different levels of analysis lead to different models of neurocognitive disconnection, and that resting-state functional connectivity, in particular, may contribute to age-related decline in executive function.

Keywords: Cognition; Cortex; Diffusion tensor imaging; Magnetic resonance imaging; Mediation.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Cognition / physiology*
  • Cognitive Aging / physiology*
  • Cognitive Aging / psychology*
  • Diffusion Tensor Imaging
  • Executive Function / physiology*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Rest / psychology*
  • Sensorimotor Cortex / physiology
  • White Matter / diagnostic imaging*
  • White Matter / physiopathology*