Objective: To analyze the correlation between anatomy of spermatic vessels and varicocele, providing reference for the preoperative assessment and treatment of varicocele. Methods: A total of 156 patients who underwent microsurgical left subinguinal varicocelectomy at Shanghai General Hospital between May 2015 and July 2016 were included in this study. The severity of varicocele and number of spermatic vessels detected in operations were recorded. According to the number of internal spermatic arteries (ISAs), the patients were divided into three groups: single-ISA group (55 cases), double-ISAs group (63 cases) and multi-ISAs group (38 cases), to analyze the correlation among spermatic vessels and to compare varicocele grade, the volume of testes, the parameter of semen analysis, serum reproductive hormone, surgery time, and hospital stay among the three groups. Results: The number of ISAs was positively correlated with the ipsilateral internal spermatic veins (ISVs) (r=0.210; P=0.008)and lymphatic vessels (r=0.224; P=0.005); the number of lymphatic vessels was positively correlated with the ipsilateral gubernacular veins (r=0.172; P=0.032)and ISVs (r=0.296; P=0.000) . The number of ISVs in the multi-ISAs group (10.58±4.28) was significantly larger than that in the single-ISA group (8.22±3.10, P=0.003). The number of lymphatic vessels in the multi-ISAs group(4.11±1.90)was also significantly larger than that in the double-ISA group(3.76±1.40, P=0.020) and the single-ISA group(3.13±1.52, P=0.007). The number of ISVs in grade 2 varicocele patients (9.74±3.90) was significantly higher than that in grade 3 varicocele patients (8.33±3.10, P=0.013). No significant differences in varicocele grade, change of pre- and post-operative semen analysis, serum reproductive hormone, the volume of ipsilateral testes, surgery time, and hospital stay were observed among the three groups. Conclusions: There is a correlation among various kinds of spermatic vessels. Patients with grade 2 varicocele, especially who have multiple ISAs, are likely to have more ISVs and lymphatic vessels. For these patients, surgeons should pay more attention to protect spermatic arteries and lymphatics carefully while ligating varicose veins completely to prevent recurrence and complications.
目的： 探讨精索静脉曲张患者的精索脉管数目与静脉曲张相关指标的关系，为精索静脉曲张的术前评估和手术治疗提供参考。 方法： 选取2015年5月至2016年7月于上海市第一人民医院接受显微镜下左侧精索静脉结扎术的156例精索静脉曲张患者进行回顾性分析，记录静脉曲张程度和术中发现的左侧精索脉管数目，按照患者精索内动脉(ISA)数目把患者分为单根动脉组(55例)、双根动脉组(63例)和多根动脉组(38例)，探讨各精索脉管数目之间的相关性，比较各组患者精索静脉曲张程度、睾丸体积、术前精液参数、术前性激素水平以及手术时间和住院天数等有无差异。 结果： 精索静脉曲张患者ISA数目与精索内静脉数目(ISV)(r＝0.210；P＝0.008)和淋巴管数目(r＝0.224；P＝0.005)呈正相关；淋巴管数目与同侧引带静脉数目(r＝0.172；P＝0.032)和ISV数目(r＝0.296，P＝0.000)呈正相关。多根动脉组的ISV数目多于单根动脉组[(10.58±4.28)比(8.22±3.10)根，P＝0.003]，且其淋巴管数目[(4.11±1.90)根]多于双根动脉组[(3.76±1.40)根，P＝0.020]和单根动脉组[(3.13±1.52)根，P＝0.007]。另外，Ⅱ度精索静脉曲张患者的ISV数目多于Ⅲ度精索静脉曲张的患者[(9.74±3.90)比(8.33±3.10)根，P＝0.013]。单根动脉组、双根动脉组和多根动脉组3组患者的静脉曲张程度以及手术前后精液参数、性激素水平、睾丸体积、手术时间以及住院天数等指标差异无统计学意义。 结论： 精索脉管之间存在数量相关性，特别是Ⅱ度精索静脉曲张并伴有多根ISA的患者往往具有更多的ISV和淋巴管，这类患者手术中在保护ISA的同时应更加注意尽可能将曲张的ISV结扎完全并保护淋巴管以防止复发和术后并发症。.
Keywords: Internal spermatic artery; Internal spermatic vein; Lymphatic vessels; Microsurgery; Varicocele.