Increased production of soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1) from placenta is one of the major contributors to the development of preeclampsia. Our previous study has shown that hydrogen sulfide (H2S) inhibits sFlt-1 release in placenta. In the present study, we sought to investigate whether endogenous H2S affects sFlt-1 production and elucidate which H2S-producing enzyme is responsible for its effect in placenta. It was found that, besides cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) and cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE), 3-mercaptopyruvatesulfurtransferase (3-MST) was identified in human placenta and mainly localized in syncytiotrophoblasts. There was no significant difference in expression level of 3-MST among preeclamptic and normal placentas. Treatment of cultured syncytiotrophoblasts with NaHS and l-cysteine suppressed sFlt-1 mRNA expression and caused a decrease in sFlt-1 protein content in culture media of the cells. Transfection of syncytiotrophoblasts with CBS siRNA and CSE siRNA reversed the above effects of l-cysteine. Furthermore, NaHS and l-cysteine treatment decreased the half-life of sFlt-1 mRNA and increased the expression of miR-133b targeting sFlt-1. MiR-133b expression was downregulated in preeclamptic placentas and correlated with the level of CBS and CSE. These results indicate that H2S is an important regulatory factor in sFlt-1 production in placenta. Reduced H2S generation in placenta contributes to development of preeclampsia by enhancing sFlt-1 production.
Keywords: Cystathionine β-synthase; Cystathionine γ-lyase; Placenta; Soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1; microRNAs.
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