Percutaneous Coronary Intervention of Saphenous Vein Graft

Circ Cardiovasc Interv. 2017 May;10(5):e004953. doi: 10.1161/CIRCINTERVENTIONS.117.004953.

Abstract

Background: Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of saphenous vein grafts (SVGs) has historically been associated with a high risk of adverse ischemic events, but there is a paucity of contemporary data on the second-generation drug-eluting stent use within SVG, and the relative importance of high platelet reactivity (HPR) in SVG PCI versus native lesion PCI is unknown. We studied ischemic and bleeding events after SVG PCI and their association with HPR.

Methods and results: Subjects in the prospective, multicenter ADAPT-DES study (Assessment of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy With Drug-Eluting Stents) were stratified according to whether they had PCI of an SVG or a non-SVG lesion. Two-year outcomes were compared between groups using univariate and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. HPR was defined as on-clopidogrel P2Y12 platelet reaction units >208 as measured by the VerifyNow assay; major adverse cardiac events were defined as the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, or stent thrombosis. Among 8582 subjects in ADAPT-DES, 405 (4.7%) had SVG PCI. SVG PCI was independently associated with a higher 2-year risk of major adverse cardiac events (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.34; 95% confidence interval, 1.69-3.23; P<0.0001), ischemia-driven target vessel revascularization (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.82; 95% confidence interval, 1.37-2.42; P<0.0001), and stent thrombosis (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.26; 95% confidence interval, 1.42-3.59; P=0.0006), but not of bleeding (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.99; 95% confidence interval, 0.68-1.46; P=0.97). There was no statistical interaction between HPR and SVG PCI in regard to major adverse cardiac events (adjusted Pinteraction=0.99).

Conclusions: SVG PCI is associated with a considerably higher risk of 2-year adverse ischemic events, with HPR conferring similar risk in SVG and non-SVG PCI. More potent and longer antiplatelet therapy may be beneficial for patients undergoing SVG PCI.

Clinical trial registration: URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00638794.

Keywords: blood platelets; drug-eluting stents; myocardial infarction; percutaneous coronary intervention; saphenous vein.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Blood Platelets / drug effects
  • Blood Platelets / metabolism
  • Coronary Artery Bypass / adverse effects*
  • Coronary Thrombosis / etiology
  • Drug Therapy, Combination
  • Female
  • Germany
  • Graft Occlusion, Vascular / diagnostic imaging
  • Graft Occlusion, Vascular / etiology
  • Graft Occlusion, Vascular / physiopathology
  • Graft Occlusion, Vascular / therapy*
  • Hemorrhage / etiology
  • Humans
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention* / adverse effects
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention* / instrumentation
  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / therapeutic use
  • Platelet Function Tests
  • Prospective Studies
  • Purinergic P2Y Receptor Antagonists / therapeutic use
  • Receptors, Purinergic P2Y12 / blood
  • Receptors, Purinergic P2Y12 / drug effects
  • Registries
  • Risk Factors
  • Saphenous Vein / diagnostic imaging
  • Saphenous Vein / physiopathology
  • Saphenous Vein / transplantation*
  • Stents
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome
  • United States
  • Vascular Patency

Substances

  • P2RY12 protein, human
  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors
  • Purinergic P2Y Receptor Antagonists
  • Receptors, Purinergic P2Y12

Associated data

  • ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT00638794