Surviving rectal cancer: examination of racial disparities surrounding access to care

J Surg Res. 2017 May 1:211:100-106. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2016.12.015. Epub 2016 Dec 22.

Abstract

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether survival differences are attributable to disproportionate access to stage-specific rectal cancer treatment recommended by the National Comprehensive Care Network.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of the National Cancer Data Base between 1998 and 2006 was performed. A series of Kaplan-Meier survival analyses were used to compare 5-y survival among race cohorts. Propensity score matching was used to compare Caucasian and African American patients who received the same treatment by accounting for covariates.

Results: 5-y overall survival in African Americans was 50.7% versus 56.2% in Caucasians (P < 0.001). In patients with stage I-III disease, 5-y survival was 58.7% in African Americans versus 63.1% in Caucasians (P < 0.001). Analysis of patients receiving surgery for stage I-III disease, revealed a 61.1% 5-y survival in African Americans versus 65.8% in Caucasians (P < 0.001). Propensity score matching did not eliminate the racial disparity. The median survival for Caucasian patients was 109.6 mo as compared to 85.8 mo for African Americans (P < 0.001).

Conclusions: These data show that access to standard care appears to decrease but not eliminate the survival differences between African Americans and Caucasians with rectal cancer.

Keywords: Propensity score; Race; Rectal cancer; Survival.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Black or African American*
  • Databases, Factual
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Health Services Accessibility / statistics & numerical data*
  • Health Status Disparities*
  • Healthcare Disparities / ethnology*
  • Healthcare Disparities / statistics & numerical data
  • Humans
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Propensity Score
  • Rectal Neoplasms / ethnology*
  • Rectal Neoplasms / mortality*
  • Rectal Neoplasms / therapy
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Survival Rate
  • United States / epidemiology
  • White People*