Can stress biomarkers predict preterm birth in women with threatened preterm labor?

Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2017 Sep:83:19-24. doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2017.05.021. Epub 2017 May 25.

Abstract

Background: Preterm birth is a major paediatric challenge difficult to prevent and with major adverse outcomes. Prenatal stress plays an important role on preterm birth; however, there are few stress-related models to predict preterm birth in women with Threatened Preterm Labor (TPL).

Objective: The aim of this work is to study the influence of stress biomarkers on time until birth in TPL women.

Methods: Eligible participants were pregnant women between 24 and 31 gestational weeks admitted to the hospital with TPL diagnosis (n=166). Stress-related biomarkers (α-amylase and cortisol) were determined in saliva samples after TPL diagnosis. Participants were followed-up until labor. A parametric survival model was constructed based on α-amylase, cortisol), TPL gestational week, age, parity, and multiple pregnancy. The model was adjusted using a logistic distribution and it was implemented as a nomogram to predict the labor probability at 7- and 14-day term.

Results: The time until labor was associated with cortisol (p=0.001), gestational week at TPL diagnosis (p=0.004), and age (p=0.02). Importantly, high cortisol levels at TPL diagnosis were predictive of latency to labor. Validation of the model yielded an optimum corrected AUC value of 0.63.

Conclusions: High cortisol levels at TPL diagnosis may have an important role in the preterm birth prediction. Our statistical model implemented as a nomogram provided accurate predictions of individual prognosis of pregnant women.

Keywords: Cortisol; Survival model; Threatened preterm labor; α-amylase.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Biomarkers
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Causality
  • Female
  • Gestational Age
  • Humans
  • Hydrocortisone / analysis
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Obstetric Labor, Premature
  • Parity
  • Pregnancy
  • Premature Birth / metabolism*
  • Premature Birth / prevention & control*
  • Prospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Saliva
  • Stress, Psychological / blood
  • Stress, Psychological / complications*
  • Stress, Psychological / metabolism
  • alpha-Amylases / analysis

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • alpha-Amylases
  • Hydrocortisone