No detectable human herpesvirus-8 oral shedding in seronegative-healthy, immunocompetent individuals from non-endemic regions for Kaposi's sarcoma: A pilot study

J Investig Clin Dent. 2018 Feb;9(1). doi: 10.1111/jicd.12278. Epub 2017 Jun 20.

Abstract

Aim: Saliva can play an important role in human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) transmission in endemic regions for Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). Little is known about HHV-8 oral shedding in immunocompetent individuals from non-endemic regions for KS.

Methods: We conducted a prospective study of HHV-8 salivary excretion among 59 healthy, immunocompetent individuals from São Paulo, Brazil, followed up weekly for 4 months, resulting in 16 saliva samples from each participant. Antibodies to HHV-8 latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA) and lytic-phase antigens were investigated with immunofluorescence assays (IFA). HHV-8 DNA detection was performed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Results: All 59 individuals were seronegative to LANA and lytic antibodies. HHV-8 DNA was undetectable in saliva samples in 100% of the participants, totaling 944 samples and being consistently negative during the different periods of sampling, which lasted approximately 120 days. No sequences of HHV-8 DNA were detected in the saliva samples of healthy, immunocompetent adults by using real-time PCR, with the resulting data being consistent with IFA-based serological tests.

Conclusions: Unlike other herpesviruses, HHV-8 is not excreted in the saliva of healthy individuals from non-endemic regions for KS.

Keywords: human herpesvirus-8; real-time polymerase chain reaction; saliva; serological test.

MeSH terms

  • Actins / metabolism
  • Adult
  • Antibodies, Viral
  • Antigens, Nuclear / genetics
  • Antigens, Nuclear / immunology
  • Antigens, Viral / genetics
  • Antigens, Viral / immunology
  • Brazil / epidemiology
  • DNA, Viral / isolation & purification
  • Female
  • Herpesvirus 8, Human / genetics
  • Herpesvirus 8, Human / immunology
  • Herpesvirus 8, Human / isolation & purification*
  • Herpesvirus 8, Human / pathogenicity*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Nuclear Proteins / genetics
  • Nuclear Proteins / immunology
  • Pilot Projects
  • Prospective Studies
  • Saliva / virology
  • Sarcoma, Kaposi / epidemiology*
  • Sarcoma, Kaposi / virology*
  • Serologic Tests
  • Viral Proteins / genetics
  • Viral Proteins / immunology
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Actins
  • Antibodies, Viral
  • Antigens, Nuclear
  • Antigens, Viral
  • DNA, Viral
  • Nuclear Proteins
  • Viral Proteins
  • latency-associated nuclear antigen
  • latent Orf73 antigen, human herpesvirus 8