Associations of acetylcholinesterase inhibitor treatment with reduced mortality in Alzheimer's disease: a retrospective survival analysis

Age Ageing. 2018 Jan 1;47(1):88-94. doi: 10.1093/ageing/afx098.

Abstract

Background: dementia is increasingly recognised as life-limiting condition. Although the benefits of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) on cognition and function are well established, their effect on survival is less clear.

Objective: to investigate associations between AChEI prescription and mortality in patients with Alzheimer's dementia (AD) in a naturalistic setting, using detailed baseline data on cognition, functioning, and mental and physical wellbeing.

Methods: we used a large mental healthcare database in South London, linked to Hospital Episode Statistics and Office for National Statistics mortality data, to assemble a retrospective cohort. We conducted a survival analysis adjusting for a wide range of potential confounders using propensity scores to reduce the impact of confounding by indication.

Results: of 2,464 patients with AD, 1,261 were prescribed AChEIs. We detected a strong association between AChEI receipt and lower mortality (hazard ratio = 0.57; 95% CI 0.51-0.64). This remained significant after controlling for a broad range of potential confounders including psychotropic co-prescription, symptom severity, functional status and hospital admissions (hazard ratio = 0.77; 95% CI 0.67-0.87).

Conclusions: in a large cohort of patients with AD, AChEI prescription was associated with reduced risk of death by more than 20% in adjusted models. This has implications for individual care planning and service development.

Keywords: Alzheimer's disease; acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs); predictors; survival; treatment effect.

Publication types

  • Observational Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Acetylcholinesterase / metabolism
  • Age Factors
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Alzheimer Disease / diagnosis
  • Alzheimer Disease / drug therapy*
  • Alzheimer Disease / enzymology
  • Alzheimer Disease / mortality
  • Brain / drug effects*
  • Brain / enzymology
  • Cholinesterase Inhibitors / adverse effects
  • Cholinesterase Inhibitors / therapeutic use*
  • Comorbidity
  • Databases, Factual
  • Female
  • GPI-Linked Proteins / antagonists & inhibitors
  • GPI-Linked Proteins / metabolism
  • Geriatric Assessment
  • Humans
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • London
  • Male
  • Polypharmacy
  • Propensity Score
  • Proportional Hazards Models
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Cholinesterase Inhibitors
  • GPI-Linked Proteins
  • ACHE protein, human
  • Acetylcholinesterase