Dual non-contiguous peptide occupancy of HLA class I evoke antiviral human CD8 T cell response and form neo-epitopes with self-antigens

Sci Rep. 2017 Jul 11;7(1):5072. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-05171-w.

Abstract

Host CD8 T cell response to viral infections involves recognition of 8-10-mer peptides presented by MHC-I molecules. However, proteasomes generate predominantly 2-7-mer peptides, but the role of these peptides is largely unknown. Here, we show that single short peptides of <8-mer from Latent Membrane Protein 2 (LMP2) of Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) can bind HLA-A*11:01 and stimulate CD8+ cells. Surprisingly, two peptide fragments between 4-7-mer derived from LMP2(340-349) were able to complement each other, forming combination epitopes that can stimulate specific CD8+ T cell responses. Moreover, peptides from self-antigens can complement non-self peptides within the HLA binding cleft, forming neoepitopes. Solved structures of a tetra-complex comprising two peptides, HLA and β2-microglobulin revealed the free terminals of the two peptides to adopt an upward conformation directed towards the T cell receptor. Our results demonstrate a previously unknown mix-and-match combination of dual peptide occupancy in HLA that can generate vast combinatorial complexity.

MeSH terms

  • Alleles
  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Antiviral Agents / immunology*
  • Autoantigens / immunology*
  • Binding Sites
  • CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology*
  • Epitopes / immunology*
  • Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / chemistry
  • Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / immunology
  • Humans
  • Lymphocyte Activation / immunology
  • Peptides / chemistry
  • Peptides / immunology*
  • Protein Stability
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta / metabolism
  • Static Electricity

Substances

  • Antiviral Agents
  • Autoantigens
  • Epitopes
  • Histocompatibility Antigens Class I
  • Peptides
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta