New insights into the catalytic mechanism of human glycine N-acyltransferase

J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2017 Nov;31(11). doi: 10.1002/jbt.21963. Epub 2017 Jul 31.

Abstract

Even though the glycine conjugation pathway was one of the first metabolic pathways to be discovered, this pathway remains very poorly characterized. The bi-substrate kinetic parameters of a recombinant human glycine N-acyltransferase (GLYAT, E.C. 2.3.1.13) were determined using the traditional colorimetric method and a newly developed HPLC-ESI-MS/MS method. Previous studies analyzing the kinetic parameters of GLYAT, indicated a random Bi-Bi and/or ping-pong mechanism. In this study, the hippuric acid concentrations produced by the GLYAT enzyme reaction were analyzed using the allosteric sigmoidal enzyme kinetic module. Analyses of the initial rate (v) against substrate concentration plots, produced a sigmoidal curve (substrate activation) when the benzoyl-CoA concentrations was kept constant, whereas the plot with glycine concentrations kept constant, passed through a maximum (substrate inhibition). Thus, human GLYAT exhibits mechanistic kinetic cooperativity as described by the Ferdinand enzyme mechanism rather than the previously assumed Michaelis-Menten reaction mechanism.

Keywords: HPLC-ESI-MS/MS; Hippuric acid; enzyme mechanism; glycine N-acyltransferase; human.

MeSH terms

  • Acyl Coenzyme A / metabolism
  • Acyltransferases / chemistry
  • Acyltransferases / genetics
  • Acyltransferases / metabolism*
  • Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / methods
  • Colorimetry / methods
  • Glycine / metabolism
  • Hippurates / analysis
  • Hippurates / metabolism*
  • Humans
  • Kinetics
  • Recombinant Proteins / chemistry
  • Recombinant Proteins / genetics
  • Recombinant Proteins / metabolism
  • Solvents / chemistry
  • Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / methods
  • Tandem Mass Spectrometry / methods

Substances

  • Acyl Coenzyme A
  • Hippurates
  • Recombinant Proteins
  • Solvents
  • benzoyl-coenzyme A
  • Acyltransferases
  • glycine acyltransferase
  • hippuric acid
  • Glycine