Cardiac magnetic resonance-aided scar dechanneling: Influence on acute and long-term outcomes

Heart Rhythm. 2017 Aug;14(8):1121-1128. doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2017.05.018.

Abstract

Background: Late gadolinium enhancement cardiac magnetic resonance (LGE-CMR) provides tissue characterization of ventricular myocardium and scar that can be depicted as pixel signal intensity (PSI) maps.

Objective: To assess the possible benefit of guiding the ventricular tachycardia (VT) substrate mapping by integrating these PSI maps into the navigation system.

Methods: In total, 159 consecutive patients (66 ± 11 years old, 151 men [95%]) with scar-related left ventricular (LV) VT were included. VT substrate ablation used the scar dechanneling technique. A CMR-aided ablation using the PSI maps was performed in 54 patients (34%). Procedural data as well as acute and long-term outcomes were compared with those of the remaining 105 patients (66%).

Results: Mean procedure duration and fluoroscopy time were 229 ± 67 minutes and 20 ± 9 minutes, respectively, without significant differences between groups. Both the number of radiofrequency (RF) applications and RF delivery time were lower in the CMR-aided group (28 ± 18 applications vs 36 ± 18 applications, P = .037, and 19 ± 12 minutes vs 27 ± 16 minutes, P = .009, respectively). After substrate ablation, monomorphic VT inducibility was lower in the CMR-aided than in the control group (17 [32%] vs 53 [51%] patients, P = .022). After a mean follow-up period of 20 ± 19 months, patients from the CMR-aided group had a lower recurrence rate than those in the control group (10 patients [18.5%] vs 46 patients [43.8%], respectively, P = .002; log-rank P = .017). Multivariate analysis found that CMR-aided ablation (hazard ratio, 0.48 [95% Confirdence Interval (CI) 0.24-0.96], P = .037) was an independent predictor of recurrences.

Conclusion: CMR-aided scar dechanneling is associated with a lower need for RF delivery, higher noninducibility rates after substrate ablation, and a higher VT-recurrence-free survival.

Keywords: Cardiac magnetic resonance; Electroanatomic maps; Heterogeneous tissue channel; Left ventricular reconstruction; Ventricular tachycardia ablation.

MeSH terms

  • Acute Disease
  • Aged
  • Catheter Ablation / adverse effects
  • Catheter Ablation / methods*
  • Cicatrix / pathology
  • Electrophysiologic Techniques, Cardiac / methods
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Imaging, Three-Dimensional*
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine / methods*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Myocardium / pathology*
  • Postoperative Complications*
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Prospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Stroke Volume
  • Tachycardia, Ventricular / pathology*
  • Tachycardia, Ventricular / physiopathology
  • Tachycardia, Ventricular / surgery
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Ventricular Function, Left / physiology*
  • Ventricular Remodeling