Uses and misuses of sodium bicarbonate in the neonatal intensive care unit

Semin Fetal Neonatal Med. 2017 Oct;22(5):336-341. doi: 10.1016/j.siny.2017.07.010. Epub 2017 Aug 8.

Abstract

Over the past several decades, bicarbonate therapy continues to be used routinely in the treatment of acute metabolic acidosis in critically ill neonates despite the lack of evidence for its effectiveness in the treatment of acid-base imbalance, and evidence indicating that it may be detrimental. Clinicians often feel compelled to use bicarbonate since acidosis implies a need for such therapy and thus the justification for its use is based on hearsay rather than science. This review summarizes the evidence and refutes the clinical practice of administering sodium bicarbonate to treat metabolic acidosis associated with several specific clinical syndromes in neonates.

Keywords: Acid–base homeostasis; Buffers; Metabolic acidosis; Neonate.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Acidosis / drug therapy*
  • Evidence-Based Medicine
  • Humans
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Intensive Care Units, Neonatal
  • Sodium Bicarbonate / adverse effects
  • Sodium Bicarbonate / therapeutic use*

Substances

  • Sodium Bicarbonate