The diagnostic utility of Merkel cell polyomavirus immunohistochemistry in a fine needle aspirate of metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma of unknown primary to the pancreas

Diagn Cytopathol. 2018 Jan;46(1):67-71. doi: 10.1002/dc.23794. Epub 2017 Aug 12.

Abstract

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an aggressive skin tumor with a high tendency for metastases. We report a case of MCC initially presenting as axillary and pancreatic metastases. A 33-year-old HIV-positive Hispanic male presented with a history of a rapidly growing axillary mass. A needle core biopsy demonstrated an epithelioid neoplasm composed of small to medium-sized cells with high nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio, nuclear molding, and frequent mitotic figures. A subsequent PET scan revealed a 1.5 cm FDG avid mass in the pancreas. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided FNA of the pancreatic mass showed neoplastic cells with similar morphology to those of the axillary mass. The tumor cells were positive with pancytokeratin AE1/AE3, CK20, CD56, synatophysin, chromogranin, and Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV). This case of MCC most likely originated from a resolved primary skin lesion drained by the involved axillary lymph node with subsequent metastases to the pancreas and distant lymph nodes.

Keywords: Merkel cell carcinoma; Merkel cell polyomavirus; immunohistochemistry; pancreas; unknown primary.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Antigens, Polyomavirus Transforming / immunology
  • Carcinoma, Merkel Cell / diagnostic imaging
  • Carcinoma, Merkel Cell / metabolism
  • Carcinoma, Merkel Cell / pathology*
  • Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration
  • Fluorodeoxyglucose F18
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Merkel cell polyomavirus / immunology*
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / diagnostic imaging
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / secondary
  • Positron-Emission Tomography
  • Radiopharmaceuticals
  • Skin Neoplasms / diagnostic imaging
  • Skin Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Skin Neoplasms / pathology*

Substances

  • Antigens, Polyomavirus Transforming
  • Radiopharmaceuticals
  • Fluorodeoxyglucose F18