Bullous Pemphigoid Associated with the Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitor Sitagliptin in a Patient with Liver Cirrhosis Complicated with Rapidly Progressive Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Intern Med. 2017 Sep 15;56(18):2471-2474. doi: 10.2169/internalmedicine.8703-16. Epub 2017 Aug 21.

Abstract

A 78-year-old man presented with cutaneous blisters of the limbs and abdominal distension. He had been treated for various diseases, including liver cirrhosis. He had begun receiving sitagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor, for diabetes mellitus three years before the hospitalization. A skin biopsy demonstrated bullous pemphigoid. Ultrasonography (US) revealed multiple liver tumors, although he had been receiving regular US studies. We stopped sitagliptin and started insulin and corticosteroids. However, his renal dysfunction progressed, and he died 14 days after the hospitalization. We should therefore be careful of various complications, including bullous pemphigoid and progression of tumors, when using DPP-4 inhibitors.

Keywords: bullous pemphigoid; dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor; hepatocellular carcinoma; nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2); progression; sitagliptin.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / pathology*
  • Diabetes Mellitus / drug therapy
  • Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors / adverse effects*
  • Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors / therapeutic use
  • Humans
  • Hypoglycemic Agents / adverse effects
  • Liver Cirrhosis / pathology*
  • Liver Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Male
  • Pemphigoid, Bullous / chemically induced*
  • Sitagliptin Phosphate / adverse effects*
  • Sitagliptin Phosphate / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors
  • Hypoglycemic Agents
  • Sitagliptin Phosphate