RESILIENCE: Phase III Randomized, Double-Blind Trial Comparing Sorafenib With Capecitabine Versus Placebo With Capecitabine in Locally Advanced or Metastatic HER2-Negative Breast Cancer

Clin Breast Cancer. 2017 Dec;17(8):585-594.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.clbc.2017.05.006. Epub 2017 May 22.

Abstract

Introduction: Sorafenib is a multikinase inhibitor with antiangiogenic/antiproliferative activity. In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase III trial, we assessed first- or second-line capecitabine with sorafenib or placebo in patients with locally advanced/metastatic HER2-negative breast cancer resistant to a taxane and anthracycline and with known estrogen/progesterone receptor status.

Patients and methods: A total of 537 patients were randomized to capecitabine 1000 mg/m2 orally twice per day for days 1 to 14 every 21 days with oral sorafenib 600 mg/d or placebo. The primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS). Patients were stratified according to hormone receptor status, previous chemotherapies for metastatic breast cancer, and geographic region.

Results: Treatment with sorafenib with capecitabine, compared with capecitabine with placebo, did not prolong median PFS (5.5 vs. 5.4 months; hazard ratio [HR], 0.973; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.779-1.217; P = .811) or overall survival (OS; 18.9 vs. 20.3 months; HR, 1.195; 95% CI, 0.943-1.513; P = .140); or enhance overall response rate (ORR; 13.5% vs. 15.5%; P = .515). Any grade toxicities (sorafenib vs. placebo) included palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia syndrome (PPES; 79.2% vs. 59.6%), diarrhea (47.3% vs. 37.8%), mucosal inflammation (15.4% vs. 6.7%), and hypertension (26.2% vs. 5.6%). Grade 3/4 toxicities included PPES (15.4% vs. 7.1%), diarrhea (4.2% vs. 6.4%), and vomiting (3.5% vs. 0.7%).

Conclusion: The combination of sorafenib with capecitabine did not improve PFS, OS, or ORR in patients with HER2-negative advanced breast cancer. Rates of Grade 3 toxicities were higher in the sorafenib arm.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01234337.

Keywords: Hormone-receptor status; Multikinase inhibitor; Overall survival; Progression-free survival; Raf kinases.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial, Phase III
  • Comparative Study
  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Oral
  • Aged
  • Anthracyclines / pharmacology
  • Anthracyclines / therapeutic use
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use*
  • Breast Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Breast Neoplasms / pathology
  • Bridged-Ring Compounds / pharmacology
  • Bridged-Ring Compounds / therapeutic use
  • Capecitabine / therapeutic use*
  • Diarrhea / chemically induced
  • Diarrhea / epidemiology
  • Disease-Free Survival
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Drug Administration Schedule
  • Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
  • Female
  • Hand-Foot Syndrome / epidemiology
  • Hand-Foot Syndrome / etiology
  • Humans
  • Hypertension / chemically induced
  • Hypertension / epidemiology
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Middle Aged
  • Niacinamide / analogs & derivatives*
  • Niacinamide / therapeutic use
  • Phenylurea Compounds / therapeutic use*
  • Placebos
  • Receptor, ErbB-2 / metabolism
  • Sorafenib
  • Taxoids / pharmacology
  • Taxoids / therapeutic use
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Anthracyclines
  • Bridged-Ring Compounds
  • Phenylurea Compounds
  • Placebos
  • Taxoids
  • taxane
  • Niacinamide
  • Capecitabine
  • Sorafenib
  • ERBB2 protein, human
  • Receptor, ErbB-2

Associated data

  • ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT01234337