Symptoms of anxiety and depression are independently associated with inflammatory bowel disease-related disability

Dig Liver Dis. 2017 Dec;49(12):1314-1319. doi: 10.1016/j.dld.2017.08.020. Epub 2017 Aug 14.

Abstract

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) frequently results in disability. The relevance of psychological effects in causing disability, and whether disability occurs similarly in non-Western cohorts is as yet unknown.

Aim: We assessed the relationship between symptoms of anxiety and depression, quality of life and disability in a Singaporean IBD cohort and their predictors.

Methods: Cross-sectional study. We assessed consecutive IBD subjects' IBD-Disability Index (IBD-DI), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and IBD questionnaire (IBDQ). Clinical and demographic variables were collected. Non-parametric statistical analyses were performed. Independent predictors of disability were identified through multivariate logistic regression.

Results: 200 consecutive subjects were recruited (males: 69%; median age: 43.8 (±15.4) years; 95 had Crohn's disease (CD), 105 had ulcerative colitis (UC); median IBD duration: 10.8 (±9.0) years.) 27% of the cohort had anxiety and/or depression, which worsened disability (IBD-DI: -9 (±14) with anxiety vs 6 (±13) without anxiety, P<0.001; -12 (±16) with depression vs 5 (±13) without depression, P<0.001). Age at diagnosis, use of prednisolone, stricturing CD and active IBD were significant predictors of disability. IBDQ strongly correlated with IBD-DI(rs=0.82, P<0.01).

Conclusion: Symptoms of anxiety and depression were common in this Asian cohort of IBD and were strongly associated with IBD-related disability. Recognizing psychological issues contributing to disability in IBD is important to ensure holistic care and appropriate treatment.

Keywords: Anxiety; Depression; Disability; Inflammatory bowel disease.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Anxiety / epidemiology*
  • Cohort Studies
  • Comorbidity
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Depression / epidemiology*
  • Disability Evaluation*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / psychology*
  • Logistic Models
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
  • Quality of Life*
  • Risk Factors
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Singapore / epidemiology
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Young Adult