Agonist immunotherapy restores T cell function following MEK inhibition improving efficacy in breast cancer

Nat Commun. 2017 Sep 19;8(1):606. doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00728-9.

Abstract

The presence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in triple-negative breast cancers is correlated with improved outcomes. Ras/MAPK pathway activation is associated with significantly lower levels of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in triple-negative breast cancers and while MEK inhibition can promote recruitment of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes to the tumor, here we show that MEK inhibition adversely affects early onset T-cell effector function. We show that α-4-1BB and α-OX-40 T-cell agonist antibodies can rescue the adverse effects of MEK inhibition on T cells in both mouse and human T cells, which results in augmented anti-tumor effects in vivo. This effect is dependent upon increased downstream p38/JNK pathway activation. Taken together, our data suggest that although Ras/MAPK pathway inhibition can increase tumor immunogenicity, the negative impact on T-cell activity is functionally important. This undesirable impact is effectively prevented by combination with T-cell immune agonist immunotherapies resulting in superior therapeutic efficacy.MEK inhibition in breast cancer is associated with increased tumour infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), however, MAPK activity is required for T cells function. Here the authors show that TILs activity following MEK inhibition can be enhanced by agonist immunotherapy resulting in synergic therapeutic effects.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • 4-1BB Ligand / agonists*
  • Animals
  • Breast Neoplasms / immunology
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Proliferation / drug effects*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Immunotherapy*
  • Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating / drug effects*
  • Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating / immunology
  • MAP Kinase Kinase 1 / antagonists & inhibitors
  • MAP Kinase Kinase 2 / antagonists & inhibitors
  • MAP Kinase Signaling System / drug effects
  • MAP Kinase Signaling System / immunology
  • Mammary Neoplasms, Animal / immunology*
  • Mice
  • OX40 Ligand / agonists*
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / pharmacology*
  • Pyridones / pharmacology*
  • Pyrimidinones / pharmacology*
  • T-Lymphocyte Subsets / drug effects*
  • T-Lymphocytes / drug effects
  • Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms / immunology*

Substances

  • 4-1BB Ligand
  • OX40 Ligand
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors
  • Pyridones
  • Pyrimidinones
  • trametinib
  • MAP Kinase Kinase 1
  • MAP Kinase Kinase 2