Vitamin C-Induced Epigenetic Modifications in Donor NSCs Establish Midbrain Marker Expressions Critical for Cell-Based Therapy in Parkinson's Disease

Stem Cell Reports. 2017 Oct 10;9(4):1192-1206. doi: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2017.08.017. Epub 2017 Sep 21.

Abstract

Cultured neural stem/precursor cells (NSCs) are regarded as a potential systematic cell source to treat Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the therapeutic potential of these cultured NSCs is lost during culturing. Here, we show that treatment of vitamin C (VC) enhances generation of authentic midbrain-type dopamine (mDA) neurons with improved survival and functions from ventral midbrain (VM)-derived NSCs. VC acted by upregulating a series of mDA neuron-specific developmental and phenotype genes via removal of DNA methylation and repressive histone code (H3K9m3, H3K27m3) at associated gene promoter regions. Notably, the epigenetic changes induced by transient VC treatment were sustained long after VC withdrawal. Accordingly, transplantation of VC-treated NSCs resulted in improved behavioral restoration, along with enriched DA neuron engraftment, which faithfully expressed midbrain-specific markers in PD model rats. These results indicate that VC treatment to donor NSCs could be a simple, efficient, and safe therapeutic strategy for PD in the future.

Keywords: Parkinson's disease; cell transplantation; epigenetic; neural stem cell; ventral midbrain; vitamin C.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Ascorbic Acid / pharmacology*
  • Behavior, Animal
  • Biomarkers
  • Cell Differentiation
  • Cell Proliferation
  • Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Dopaminergic Neurons / cytology
  • Dopaminergic Neurons / drug effects
  • Dopaminergic Neurons / metabolism
  • Epigenesis, Genetic / drug effects*
  • Female
  • Gene Expression Regulation / drug effects*
  • Mesencephalon / drug effects*
  • Mesencephalon / metabolism*
  • Neural Stem Cells / cytology
  • Neural Stem Cells / drug effects*
  • Neural Stem Cells / metabolism*
  • Neurogenesis
  • Parkinson Disease / genetics
  • Parkinson Disease / metabolism
  • Parkinson Disease / pathology
  • Parkinson Disease / therapy
  • Phenotype
  • Presynaptic Terminals / metabolism
  • Promoter Regions, Genetic
  • Rats
  • Stem Cell Transplantation

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Ascorbic Acid