Background: Among frequently-used tumor markers in lung cancer, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125), cytokeratin 19 (CYFRA21-1) and squamous carcinoma antigen (SCC), neuron specific enolase (NSE) and pro-gastrin-releasing peptide (ProGRP) are respectively expressed highly in lung adenocarcinoma, lung squamous carcinoma and small cell lung cancer. By comparing patients with multiple increased tumor markers (group A) and patients with increase of CEA and/or CA125 (group B), this study aims to investigate the utility of multiple increased tumor markers in therapeutic evaluation and prediction of disease relapsing in patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma.
Methods: Patients with stage IV lung adenocarcinoma who receiving the first line chemotherapy in Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences were enrolled and retrospectively analyzed. Clinical characteristic, serum tumor markers before chemotherapy, efficacy evaluation, progression-free survival (PFS) were analyzed.
Results: Except CEA and CA125, the highest ratio of increased tumor markersin group A was CYFRA21-1 (93%), then was NSE (36%), SCC (13%) and ProGRP (12%). Patients with multiple increased tumor markers tend to have more distant metastasis (P<0.001) and shorter PFS (median PFS 5.3 months vs 7.3 months, P=0.016). The relapse risk was lower in patients who accepted maintenance therapy than those who didn't accept maintenance therapy in both groups (P<0.001).
Conclusions: Patients with multiple increased tumor markers have high risk of relapse, and maintenance therapy can reduce relapse risk.
背景与目的 肺癌的常用肿瘤标志物中，癌胚抗原（carcinoembryonic antigen, CEA）与糖类抗原125（carbohydrate antigen 125, CA125）、细胞角蛋白19片段（cytokeratin 19, CYFRA21-1）与鳞状细胞癌抗原（squamous carcinoma antigen, SCC）、神经元特异性烯醇化酶（neuron specific enolase, NSE）与胃泌素释放肽前体（pro-gastrin-releasing peptide, ProGRP）分别在肺腺癌、肺鳞状细胞癌和小细胞肺癌中有较高表达。本研究旨在通过对比多项肿瘤标志物异常（A组）和仅CEA和/或CA125异常（B组）的两组晚期肺腺癌患者，探讨多项肿瘤标志物异常在疗效评价和预测复发方面的价值。方法 纳入中国医学科学院肿瘤医院的IV期肺腺癌初治病例，回顾性分析其临床数据，包括临床特征、治疗前的血清肿瘤标志物水平、疗效及无进展生存期。结果 除CEA和CA125外，A组异常比率最高的肿瘤标志物是CYFRA21-1（93%），其次是NSE（36%）、SCC（13%）和ProGRP（12%）。多项肿瘤标志物异常的患者更易出现远处多部位转移（P<0.001），治疗后的无进展生存期更短（中位时间5.3个月 vs 7.3个月，P=0.016）。两组中进行维持治疗的患者均比未行维持治疗的患者复发风险低（P均<0.001）。结论 多项肿瘤标志物异常患者复发风险高，维持治疗可降低复发风险。.
Keywords: Distant metastasis; Lung adenocarcinoma; Maintenance therapy; Relapse; Tumor marker.