To investigate the current status of the postpartum depression in Kaifu District in Changsha, and to explore the influential factors for postpartum depression. Methods: We selected the mothers, who had a delivery and met the inclusion criteria in Changsha during 2015, as the participants and established a prospective birth cohort study. The social demographic characteristics and health-related information for the mothers and their families were collected by using self-made questionnaire. The mothers' depression symptoms after one month postpartum were assessed by the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. We used the structural equation model to analyze the influential factors for postpartum depression. Results: A total of 961 cases were investigated. 82 of them whose scores of EPDS were≥9 points, and the incidence of PPD was 8.2%. The results of structural equation model revealed the influential factors and their correlations with postpartum depression. It has been shown that maternal age, maternal education level, per capita income of family, intention of pregnancy, pregnancy-related complications, mode of conception, mode of delivery, feeding patterns, birth weight, baby gender, and infant illness could exert effects on postpartum depression. Conclusion: The incidence of postpartum depression in Kaifu District is at a low level and the structural equation model can be applied to analyze the influential factors and their relations with postpartum depression.
目的：了解长沙市开福区产妇产后抑郁的现状，基于结构方程模型探索产后抑郁的影响因素、相关关系及作用路径。方法：随机选取于2015年内在长沙市开福区分娩且符合纳入标准的产妇作为研究对象，建立前瞻性出生队列。应用自制的产妇一般情况调查表收集产妇及家庭的相关信息，应用爱丁堡产后抑郁量表(EPDS)评估产妇产后1个月的抑郁情绪。采用结构方程模型探讨产后抑郁的影响因素及相关关系。结果：共调查961例产妇，82例(8.2%)EPDS总分≥9。由结构方程路径分析图可知影响因素对产后抑郁的作用路径、大小及相关关系；具体影响因素为母亲的年龄、文化水平、家庭人均收入、有无准备怀孕、妊娠并发症及合并症、受孕方式、分娩方式、喂养方式、婴儿出生体重、婴儿性别及患病就医。结论：长沙市开福区产妇产后抑郁的发生率较低，结构方程模型可以应用于探讨产后抑郁的影响因素及相关关系。.