CSF biomarkers β-amyloid, tau proteins and a-synuclein in the differential diagnosis of Parkinson-plus syndromes

J Neurol Sci. 2017 Nov 15:382:91-95. doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.09.039. Epub 2017 Sep 28.

Abstract

Introduction: Differential diagnosis of Parkinson-plus patients (PSP, CBD, MSA) and Parkinson's disease (PD) patients is often not straightforward, particularly in atypical cases or at the initial stages of the diseases. Classic CSF biomarkers (amyloid-beta - Aβ42, tau protein - τT and phosphorylated tau protein - τP-181) are established biomarkers in the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). CSF a-synuclein (α-syn) has emerged as a promising biomarker in patients with Parkinsonism. The aim of this study was to analyze the CSF biochemical profile of patients with Parkinsonism.

Methods: We analyzed the CSF biomarker profile (Aβ42, τT, τP-181, α-syn) and all relevant ratios in 68 patients with Parkinsonism (19 PSP, 15 MSA, 17 CBD, 17 PD) and 18 controls, diagnosed by latest established diagnostic criteria.

Results: CBD patients exhibited elevated τT and decreased Aβ42 compared to the other groups. Five CBD, one PSP patient and one control had a typical AD CSF profile. After exclusion of these patients, the τT/Aβ42 ratio was significantly elevated in MSA patients compared to PD patients and provided excellent specificity and adequate sensitivity in their differential diagnosis.

Conclusion: CSF biochemical profile analysis is important in distinguishing AD patients with a CBS phenotype from non-AD CBS patients. The τT/Aβ42 ratio is useful in the differential diagnosis of MSA from PD.

Keywords: Beta amyloid; Biomarkers; Cerebrospinal fluid; Parkinson-plus; Tau proteins; a-Synuclein.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Amyloid beta-Peptides / cerebrospinal fluid*
  • Biomarkers / cerebrospinal fluid
  • Diagnosis, Differential
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Multiple System Atrophy / cerebrospinal fluid*
  • Parkinson Disease / cerebrospinal fluid*
  • Peptide Fragments / cerebrospinal fluid*
  • Prospective Studies
  • ROC Curve
  • Registries
  • Supranuclear Palsy, Progressive / cerebrospinal fluid*
  • alpha-Synuclein / cerebrospinal fluid*
  • tau Proteins / cerebrospinal fluid*

Substances

  • Amyloid beta-Peptides
  • Biomarkers
  • MAPT protein, human
  • Peptide Fragments
  • SNCA protein, human
  • alpha-Synuclein
  • amyloid beta-protein (1-42)
  • tau Proteins