High CXCL10/IP-10 levels are a hallmark in the clinical evolution of the HIV infection

Infect Genet Evol. 2018 Jan:57:51-58. doi: 10.1016/j.meegid.2017.11.002. Epub 2017 Nov 6.

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the modulation of plasma CXCL10, CCL20, CCL22, CCL2, CCL17 and CCL24 levels in HIV-positive patients grouped according to extreme phenotypes of progression to AIDS, and at different stages of HIV infection. HIV-positive individuals with extreme phenotypes of AIDS progression (n=58) at different clinical stages (chronic individuals, both pre-HAART and under-HAART) and HIV-negative controls (n=20) were evaluated. Additionally, HIV-positive individuals that initiated HAART with >350CD4+T-cells/mm3 were compared with those who initiated treatment with <350CD4+T-cells/mm3. Plasma levels of six chemokines were quantified by a Luminex assay. Higher CXCL10 levels were observed in individuals immediately before their CD4+T-cell levels were indicative for HAART (pre-HAART), independently of their progressor status, i.e. slow (SPs) or rapid progressors (RPs). SPs pre-HAART showed higher CXCL10 levels compared to elite controllers and RPs under HAART (pc=0.009 and pc=0.007, respectively). CXCL10 levels were higher in SPs HAART CD4<350 (initiated HAART with <350 CD4+T-cells) when compared with SPs HAART CD4>350 (initiated HAART with >350 CD4+T-cells) (1096 vs. 360.33pg/mL, p=0.0101). Normalisation of CXCL10 levels seems to depend on the CD4+T-cell nadir at HAART initiation. CCL20 levels were higher in chronic SPs, SPs pre-HAART, SPs HAART and RPs HAART compared with the HIV-negative controls, indicating persistent CCL20 expression. In conclusion, our results indicate that CXCL10 levels are a hallmark in the clinical evolution of HIV infection. However, our results must be verified in a study evaluating a larger number of AIDS progressors.

Keywords: AIDS progression; Biomarkers; CCL20; CXCL10; HAART.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active
  • Biomarkers
  • CD4 Lymphocyte Count
  • Chemokine CXCL10 / blood*
  • Chemokines / blood
  • Disease Progression
  • Female
  • HIV Infections / blood*
  • HIV Infections / drug therapy
  • HIV Infections / immunology
  • HIV Infections / virology*
  • HIV-1*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Viral Load

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Chemokine CXCL10
  • Chemokines