Objective: To analyze the influence of smoking on deaths in residents aged 35-79 years and the effects of smoking cessation in Tianjin. Methods: The data of 39 499 death cases aged 35-79 years in 2016 in Tianjin were collected, the risks for deaths caused by smoking related diseases and excess deaths as well as effects of smoking cessation were analyzed after adjusting 5 year old age group, education level and marital status. Results: Among the 39 499 deaths cases, 1 589 (13.56%) were caused by smoking, the percentage of the excess mortality of lung cancer caused by smoking was highest (47.60%); the risk of death due to lung cancer in smokers was 2.75 times higher than that in non-smokers (95%CI: 2.47-3.06). Among the female deaths, 183 (7.29%) were caused by smoking, the percentage of the excess mortality of lung cancer was highest (28.90%); and the risk of death of lung cancer in smokers was 4.04 times higher than that in non-smokers (95%CI: 3.49-4.68). The OR for disease in ex-smokers was 0.80 compared with 1.00 in smokers (95%CI: 0.72-0.90). The OR in males who had quitted smoking for ≥10 years was lower (0.74, 95%CI: 0.63-0.86) than that in those who had quitted smoking for 1-9 years (0.85, 95%CI: 0.74-0.98), but the difference was not significant. Conclusion: Smoking is one of the most important risk factors for deaths in residents in Tianjin. Smoking cessation can benefit people's health.
目的： 分析吸烟对天津市35~79岁居民死亡的影响以及戒烟效果。 方法： 收集2016年天津市35~79岁居民死亡病例39 499例，调整5岁年龄组、受教育程度、婚姻状况后，分析吸烟导致不同疾病死亡的风险和超额死亡，以及不同年份戒烟的效果。 结果： 35~79岁男性死亡者中，有13.56%（1 589例）的死亡是由于吸烟所引起，其中吸烟引起肺癌的超额死亡百分比最高（47.60%）；吸烟者肺癌的死亡风险是不吸烟者的2.75（95%CI：2.47~3.06）倍；女性死亡中，有7.29%（183例）的死亡是由于吸烟所引起，其中吸烟引起肺癌的超额死亡百分比最高（28.90%）；吸烟者肺癌的死亡风险是不吸烟者的4.04（95%CI：3.49~4.68）倍。男性死亡中，戒烟者患病的危险为吸烟者的0.80（95%CI：0.72~0.90）倍，男性戒烟≥10年者其OR值（0.74，95%CI：0.63~0.86）小于戒烟年限为1~9年者（OR=0.85，95%CI：0.74~0.98），差异无统计学意义。 结论： 吸烟是导致天津市居民死亡的重要危险因素之一。戒烟可以明显起到保护作用。.
Keywords: Attributed death; Case-control study; Smoking; Smoking cessation.