Personality traits such as neuroticism and disability predict psychological distress in medically unexplained symptoms: A three-year experience from a single centre

Personal Ment Health. 2018 May;12(2):145-154. doi: 10.1002/pmh.1405. Epub 2017 Nov 17.

Abstract

Background: People with medically unexplained symptoms (MUS) may have psychological co-morbidities.

Aims: Our objectives were to assess the rates and identify correlates of psychological distress in MUS.

Methods: A total of 171 subjects with MUS seeking treatment at a tertiary care facility were assessed over a 3-year period. Psychological distress was assessed using the Tamil version of General Health Questionnaire-12. Apart from socio-demographic factors, personality, coping, perceived social support and subjective disability were assessed using standard instruments.

Results: Ninety subjects (52.6%) endorsed symptoms of psychological distress. MUS subjects with psychological distress reported higher levels of neuroticism (p < 0.001), lower extraversion (p < 0.001), lower perceived social support (p = 0.002), higher disability (p < 0.001), lower problem focused engagement (p = 0.378) and higher emotion focused engagement (p = 0.009). In multivariate analysis, high neuroticism scores (odds ratio 1.579, 95% CI 1.108 to 2.251) and high disability (odds ratio 1.302, 95% CI 1.147 to 1.478) emerged as independent predictors of psychological distress in MUS.

Conclusion: More than half of subjects with MUS have associated psychological distress. High levels of neuroticism and disability are potential markers of psychological distress in MUS. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

MeSH terms

  • Adaptation, Psychological / physiology*
  • Adult
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Disability Evaluation
  • Emotions
  • Extraversion, Psychological
  • Female
  • Humans
  • India
  • Male
  • Medically Unexplained Symptoms
  • Mental Health*
  • Middle Aged
  • Neuroticism*
  • Social Support*
  • Stress, Psychological / psychology*
  • Surveys and Questionnaires