Hepatitis E Virus Seroprevalence and Correlates of Anti-HEV IgG Antibodies in the Rakai District, Uganda

J Infect Dis. 2018 Feb 14;217(5):785-789. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jix610.

Abstract

A cross-sectional study was conducted of 500 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected adults frequency matched on age, sex, and community to 500 HIV-uninfected individuals in the Rakai District, Uganda to evaluate seroprevalence of anti-hepatitis E virus (HEV) IgG antibodies. HEV seroprevalence was 47%, and 1 HIV-infected individual was actively infected with a genotype 3 virus. Using modified Poisson regression, male sex (prevalence ratios [PR] = 1.247; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.071-1.450) and chronic hepatitis B virus infection (PR = 1.377; 95% CI, 1.090-1.738) were associated with HEV seroprevalence. HIV infection status (PR = 0.973; 95% CI, 0.852-1.111) was not associated with HEV seroprevalence. These data suggest there is a large burden of prior exposure to HEV in rural Uganda.

Keywords: HEV seroprevalence; Rakai; Uganda; hepatitis E virus; viral hepatitis.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • HIV Infections / complications
  • Hepatitis Antibodies / blood*
  • Hepatitis B, Chronic / complications
  • Hepatitis E / epidemiology*
  • Hepatitis E virus / immunology*
  • Humans
  • Immunoglobulin G / blood*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Risk Factors
  • Seroepidemiologic Studies
  • Sex Factors
  • Uganda / epidemiology

Substances

  • Hepatitis Antibodies
  • Immunoglobulin G