Synthesis of α-Branched Acyclic Nucleoside Phosphonates as Potential Inhibitors of Bacterial Adenylate Cyclases

ChemMedChem. 2018 Jan 22;13(2):199-206. doi: 10.1002/cmdc.201700715. Epub 2018 Jan 8.

Abstract

Inhibition of Bordetella pertussis adenylate cyclase toxin (ACT) and Bacillus anthracis edema factor (EF), key virulence factors with adenylate cyclase activity, represents a potential method for treating or preventing toxemia related to whooping cough and anthrax, respectively. Novel α-branched acyclic nucleoside phosphonates (ANPs) having a hemiaminal ether moiety were synthesized as potential inhibitors of bacterial adenylate cyclases. ANPs prepared as bisamidates were not cytotoxic, but did not exhibit any profound activity (IC50 >10 μm) toward ACT in J774A.1 macrophages. The apparent lack of activity of the bisamidates is speculated to be due to the inefficient formation of the biologically active species (ANPpp) in the cells. Conversely, two 5-haloanthraniloyl-substituted ANPs in the form of diphosphates were shown to be potent ACT and EF inhibitors with IC50 values ranging from 55 to 362 nm.

Keywords: Bordetella pertussis; acyclic nucleoside phosphonates; adenylate cyclase toxin; bisamidates; prodrugs.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adenylate Cyclase Toxin / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Adenylyl Cyclase Inhibitors / chemistry*
  • Adenylyl Cyclase Inhibitors / pharmacology
  • Antigens, Bacterial
  • Bacterial Proteins / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Bacterial Toxins / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Cell Line
  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • Humans
  • Macrophages / cytology
  • Macrophages / drug effects
  • Molecular Docking Simulation
  • Nucleosides / chemistry*
  • Nucleosides / pharmacology
  • Organophosphonates / chemistry*
  • Organophosphonates / pharmacology
  • Protein Binding
  • Protein Conformation

Substances

  • Adenylate Cyclase Toxin
  • Adenylyl Cyclase Inhibitors
  • Antigens, Bacterial
  • Bacterial Proteins
  • Bacterial Toxins
  • Nucleosides
  • Organophosphonates
  • anthrax toxin